PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Central Paratethys Stages	Devonian of Eastern North America		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian												Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
			Miocene	Messinian														5.333
				Tortonian									Pannonian					7.246
				Serravallian									Sarmatian					11.63
				Serravallian									Badenian					12.8 *
				Langhian														13.82
				Burdigalian														15.98
				Aquitanian														20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
				Bartonian														37.71
				Lutetian														41.2
				Ypresian														47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian														56
				Selandian														59.2
				Danian														61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
				Campanian														72.1
				Santonian														83.6
				Coniacian														86.3
				Turonian														89.8
				Cenomanian														93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
				Aptian														113
				Barremian														121.4
				Hauterivian														125.77
				Valanginian														132.6
				Berriasian														139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
				Kimmeridgian														149.2
				Oxfordian														154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
				Bathonian														165.3
				Bajocian														168.2
				Aalenian														170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
				Pliensbachian														184.2
				Sinemurian														192.9
				Hettangian														199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
				Norian														208.5
				Carnian														227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian													Longtanian †	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian														259.51
				Wordian														264.28
				Roadian														266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian														273.01
				Artinskian														283.5
				Sakmarian														290.1
				Asselian														293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian														298.9
				Kasimovian														303.7
				Moscovian														307
				Bashkirian														315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian														323.2
				Visean														330.9
				Tournaisian														346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
			Pragian			407.6
			Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
			Aeronian			438.5
			Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju	Porkuni	Kosovian	443.8
			Katian				Pirgu	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
							Vormsi	Kralodvorian		449.6 *
							Vormsi	Berounian		449.7 *
							Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
						Viru	Rakvere				450.6 *
							Oandu				452 *
			Sandbian				Keila			Idavere †	453
							Haljala				453.9
							Haljala				Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
							Kukruse						456.4 *
							Uhaku			Aluoja †			457.5 *
									Liben †				458 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
								Dobrotivian					458.5 *
							Lasnamagi	Dobrotivian					458.9 *
							Lasnamagi	Oretanian					459.7 *
							Aseri						460.4 *
							Aseri		Sarka †				461.7 *
						Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
							Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
							Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian						Klabava †					467.3
								Arenigian						468
							Billingen							469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian											470
										Latorp †				470.1 *
							Hunneberg							473.7 *
			Tremadocian				Hunneberg	Tremadocian						477.7
							Varangu							481.3 *
							Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort							485.4
														486.3 *
						486.5
			Jiangshanian			489.5
			Paibian			494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †								497
			Drumian											500.5
			Wuliuan											Stage 5 †	504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4												509
		Series 2	Stage 3												514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
Proterozoic		Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran													Vendian	538.8
			Cryogenian														635
			Tonian														720
			Tonian													Karatau	800
		Mesoproterozoic	Stenian													Karatau	1000
			Stenian													Yurmatian	1100
			Ectasian													Yurmatian	1200
			Ectasian													Burzyan	1375
																		1400