PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of China			Permian of China	Carboniferous of North America	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Carboniferous Subepochs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Calabrian											0.774
		Gelasian											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Yushean			Tertiary †		2.58
		Zanclean						Yushean					3.6
		Zanclean						Baodean					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Tortonian						Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian						Tunggurian					11.63
		Langhian						Shanwangian					13.82
		Burdigalian						Shanwangian					15.98
		Burdigalian						Xiejiaan					16.9
		Aquitanian						Xiejiaan					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Meishanian							251.902
		Changhsingian				Baoqingian							253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian						Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Laibinian						Longtanian †	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan							259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian							264.28
		Roadian				Kuhfengian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian							273.01
		Artinskian				Luodianian							283.5
		Artinskian				Longlinian							285.4 *
		Sakmarian	290.1			Longlinian
		Asselian	Zisongian	Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian	Virgilian	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian		Virgilian		300.1
		Kasimovian		Missourian		303.7
		Kasimovian		Desmoinesian		305.9 *
		Moscovian		Desmoinesian	Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Moscovian		Atokan	Middle Pennsylvanian	312.7 *
		Bashkirian		Atokan	Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
		Bashkirian		Morrowan	Early Pennsylvanian	318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Chesterian	Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean		Chesterian	Middle Mississippian	330.9
				Meramecian		335.8 *
				Osagean		343.1 *
		Tournaisian		Osagean	Early Mississippian	346.7
		Tournaisian		Kinderhookian	Early Mississippian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian				Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian					Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian					Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
		Sandbian					Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
		Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian					Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Yiyangian			470
		Tremadocian					Xinchangian			477.7
		Tremadocian					Xinchangian		Lianghekou †	477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †	497
		Drumian									500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †	504.5
													509