PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126606 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of Australia	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Carboniferous Subepochs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian									11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Wordian		Noginskian							264.9 *
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Kungurian		Pavlovoposadian							276.8 *
		Artinskian		Pavlovoposadian							283.5
		Artinskian		Rusavkinian							287.6 *
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian									293.52
		Asselian			Kuzel						297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Kuzel		Late Pennsylvanian				298.9
					Stephanian	Stephanian C					300.3 *
						Stephanian B					300.9 *
						Stephanian A					301.4 *
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian	303.7
			Khamovnikian	304.8
			Khamovnikian	Cantabrian		305 *
			Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
			Myachkovian	Westphalian	Westphalian D		307.4 *
			Podolskian		Westphalian D		308.9 *
			Podolskian		Westphalian C		309.8
			Kashirian				311.4 *
			Vereian				313.8
			Vereian		Westphalian B		314.6
			Melekessian				314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
			Cheremshanian				316.9 *
			Cheremshanian		Westphalian A		317 *
			Prikamian		Westphalian A		318.6 *
			Prikamian	Namurian	Yeadonian		318.8 *
			Severokeltmian		Yeadonian		319.9 *
			Severokeltmian		Marsdenian		320.2 *
			Krasnopolyanian		Marsdenian		321.2 *
			Krasnopolyanian		Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
			Voznesenian		Kinderscoutian		321.9 *
					Alportian		322 *
					Chokierian		323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		Chokierian	Late Mississippian	323.2
			Zapaltjubian		Arnsbergian		324 *
			Protvian				324.4 *
			Steshevian				326.8 *
			Steshevian		Pendleian		327.4 *
			Tarusian		Pendleian		329 *
		Visean	Venevian	Warnantian	Brigantian †	Middle Mississippian	330.9
			Mikhailovian				331.9 *
			Aleksinian				333.7 *
			Tulian				335.8 *
			Tulian	Livian	Asbian †		336.3 *
			Bobrikian	Livian	Asbian †		339.9 *
			Bobrikian	Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
			Radaevkian	Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	Ivorian		Early Mississippian	346.7
			Kizelian				350.7 *
			Cherepetian				351.9 *
			Cherepetian	Hastarian			353.7 *
			Karakubian				354.4 *
			Upinian				356.3 *
			Malevkian				357.6 *
			Gumerovian				358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
		Katian					445.2
		Sandbian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Datsonian	485.4
		Stage 10					Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian					Iverian	489.5
		Paibian					Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Mindyallan	Series 3 †	497
		Guzhangian					Boomerangian		499
		Drumian					Undillan		500.5
		Drumian					Floran		503
		Wuliuan					Templetonian		Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan					Ordian		Stage 5 †	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4					Ordian			509
											510.8 *