PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126610 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of Siberia			Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of North America		Central Paratethys Stages	Carboniferous Subepochs
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Tertiary †							2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
			Miocene	Messinian													5.333
				Tortonian											Pannonian		7.246
				Serravallian											Sarmatian		11.63
				Serravallian											Badenian		12.8 *
				Langhian													13.82
				Burdigalian													15.98
				Aquitanian													20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
				Bartonian													37.71
				Lutetian													41.2
				Ypresian													47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian													56
				Selandian													59.2
				Danian													61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
				Campanian													72.1
				Santonian													83.6
				Coniacian													86.3
				Turonian													89.8
				Cenomanian													93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
				Aptian													113
				Barremian													121.4
				Hauterivian													125.77
				Valanginian													132.6
				Berriasian													139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
				Kimmeridgian													149.2
				Oxfordian													154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
				Bathonian													165.3
				Bajocian													168.2
				Aalenian													170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian													174.7
				Pliensbachian													184.2
				Sinemurian													192.9
				Hettangian													199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
				Norian													208.5
				Carnian													227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †						254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian									Capitanian				259.51
				Wordian									Wordian				264.28
				Roadian									Roadian				266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian									Leonardian	Cathedralian			273.01
				Kungurian										Hessian			281.9 *
				Artinskian										Hessian			283.5
				Artinskian									Wolfcampian	Lenoxian			286.1 *
				Sakmarian										Lenoxian			290.1
				Asselian										Nealian			293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
				Kasimovian												Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
				Moscovian												Middle Pennsylvanian	307
				Bashkirian												Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian												Late Mississippian	323.2
Visean				Middle Mississippian	330.9
Tournaisian				Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
			Pragian		407.6
			Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian		Pridoli			419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
		Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
			Aeronian		438.5
			Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
			Katian		445.2
			Sandbian		453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian		470
			Tremadocian		477.7
			Tremadocian		Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
			Jiangshanian		Batyrbaian			489.5
					Aksaian			490.7 *
					Sakian			492.2 *
			Paibian					494
			Paibian				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Ayusokkanian			Series 3 †	497
			Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian				499.5
			Drumian		Mayan/Menevian				500.5
			Wuliuan		Amgan/Solvan				Stage 5 †	504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4		Amgan/Solvan					509
					Toyonian	Lenian †				510 *
					Botomian					512.5 *
			Stage 3		Botomian					514
			Stage 3		Atdabanian					515.6 *
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian					521
			Stage 2		Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
			Fortunian		Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †				529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian †	Poundian †			538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian †	Wonokan †			571.7 *
																	635