PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 125929 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cenozoic Subepochs	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ordovician of Australia	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian	Middle Pleistocene							0.129
		Calabrian	Early Pleistocene							0.774
		Gelasian	Early Pleistocene							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Late Pliocene					Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean	Early Pliocene							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian	Late Miocene							5.333
		Tortonian	Late Miocene							7.246
		Serravallian	Middle Miocene							11.63
		Langhian	Middle Miocene							13.82
		Burdigalian	Early Miocene							15.98
		Aquitanian	Early Miocene							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Late Oligocene							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Early Oligocene							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Late Eocene							33.9
		Bartonian	Middle Eocene							37.71
		Lutetian	Middle Eocene							41.2
		Ypresian	Early Eocene							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Late Paleocene							56
		Selandian	Middle Paleocene							59.2
		Danian	Early Paleocene							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								66
		Campanian								72.1
		Santonian								83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								100.5
		Aptian								113
		Barremian								121.4
		Hauterivian								125.77
		Valanginian								132.6
		Berriasian								139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Oteke	Puaroan				145
		Kimmeridgian			Oteke	Puaroan				149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan				150
						Heterian				154.5
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Callovian				Temaikan				164.3
		Bathonian								165.3
		Bajocian								168.2
		Aalenian								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								174.7
		Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan				176
		Pliensbachian				Ururoan				184.2
		Pliensbachian				Aratauran				188.9
		Sinemurian								192.9
		Hettangian								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Balfour	Otapirian				201.4
		Norian				Warepan				208.5
						Otamitan				217
						Oretian				221
		Carnian				Oretian				227
		Carnian			Gore	Kaihikuan				227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Kaihikuan				237
		Ladinian				Etalian				238
		Anisian				Etalian				242
		Anisian				Malakovian				246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Malakovian				247.2
		Olenekian				Nelsonian				249
		Induan				Nelsonian				251.2
		Induan			DUrville	Makarewan				251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian		Makarewan				251.902
		Changhsingian		Dorashamian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Dzhulfian		Waiitian	Longtanian †		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Dzhulfian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †		254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Midian	Aparima	Flettian			259.51
		Wordian				Flettian			264.28
						Barettian			266
				Murgabian					266.2 *
		Roadian		Murgabian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kubergandian					273.01
				Kubergandian		Mangapirian			276
				Bolorian					279.8
		Artinskian							283.5
						Telfordian			285
				Yakhtashian		Telfordian			286
				Yakhtashian					288.5
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Bolindian					443.8
		Katian	Bolindian					445.2
			Eastonian					449 *
			Gisbornian					452 *
		Sandbian	Gisbornian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian					458.4
		Dapingian	Yapeenian					467.3
		Dapingian	Castlemainian					468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian					470
			Bendigonian					471.8 *
			Lancefieldian					473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Lancefieldian					477.7
		Tremadocian	Warendian					482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †		504.5
										509