PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cretaceous Subepochs	Devonian of Eastern North America		Precambrian of Russia	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
			Miocene	Messinian									5.333
				Tortonian									7.246
				Serravallian									11.63
				Langhian									13.82
				Burdigalian									15.98
				Aquitanian									20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
				Bartonian									37.71
				Lutetian									41.2
				Ypresian									47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian									56
				Selandian									59.2
				Danian									61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Senonian						66
				Campanian									72.1
				Santonian									83.6
				Coniacian									86.3
				Turonian									89.8
				Cenomanian									93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian			Gallic						100.5
				Aptian									113
				Barremian									121.4
				Hauterivian			Neocomian						125.77
				Valanginian									132.6
				Berriasian									139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan							145
				Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan							149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan							150
						Heterian							154.5
				Oxfordian									154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
				Callovian		Temaikan							164.3
				Bathonian									165.3
				Bajocian									168.2
				Aalenian									170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
				Toarcian	Herangi	Ururoan							176
				Pliensbachian		Ururoan							184.2
				Pliensbachian		Aratauran							188.9
				Sinemurian									192.9
				Hettangian									199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian							201.4
				Norian		Warepan							208.5
						Otamitan							217
						Oretian							221
				Carnian		Oretian							227
				Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan							227.5
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan							237
				Ladinian		Etalian							238
				Anisian		Etalian							242
				Anisian		Malakovian							246
			Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian							247.2
				Olenekian		Nelsonian							249
				Induan		Nelsonian							251.2
				Induan	DUrville	Makarewan							251.5
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan							251.902
				Changhsingian		Waiitian							253.2
				Wuchiapingian		Waiitian						Longtanian †	254.14
				Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan						Longtanian †	254.2
			Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian							259.51
Wordian				264.28		Flettian
Wordian				Barettian		266
Roadian						266.9
Cisuralian			Kungurian			273.01
			Kungurian	Mangapirian		276
			Artinskian	Mangapirian		283.5
				Telfordian		285
						288.5
			Sakmarian			290.1
			Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
			Kasimovian			303.7
			Moscovian			307
			Bashkirian			315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
			Visean			330.9
			Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Southwoodian		Cazenovian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian	393.3
			Pragian						407.6
			Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian		Pridoli							419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
		Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
			Katian				445.2
			Sandbian				453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian				470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				485.4
			Jiangshanian				489.5
			Paibian				494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †		497
			Drumian						500.5
			Wuliuan						Stage 5 †	504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4							509
		Series 2	Stage 3							514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2							521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian							529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian										635
		Tonian										720
		Tonian									Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian									Karatau	1000
		Stenian									Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian									Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian									Burzyan	1375
													1400