PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Devonian Subages	Permian of the Russian Platform		Silurian of England		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ten Million Year Bins	Permian of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										Cenozoic 6					0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Calabrian															0.774
		Gelasian															1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian												Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Serravallian										Cenozoic 5					11.63
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian															15.98
		Aquitanian															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Cenozoic 4					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Cenozoic 4					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Cenozoic 3					33.9
		Bartonian										Cenozoic 3					37.71
		Lutetian										Cenozoic 2					41.2
		Ypresian										Cenozoic 2					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Cenozoic 1					56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Cretaceous 8					66
		Campanian										Cretaceous 7					72.1
		Santonian										Cretaceous 6					83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian										Cretaceous 5					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Cretaceous 4					100.5
		Aptian										Cretaceous 3					113
		Barremian										Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian										Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian										Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian										Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian										Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian										Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian										Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian										Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian										Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian										Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian										Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian										Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian										Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian										Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian										Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan										Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian										Permian 4	Meishanian				251.902
		Changhsingian											Baoqingian				253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian											Laoshanian		Longtanian †		254.14
				Tatarian	Vyatkian								Laoshanian				256.8 *
					Vyatkian								Laibinian				257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Severodvinian								Lengwuan				259.51
		Wordian			Urzhumian								Kuhfengian				264.28
		Roadian		Kazanian	Povolzhian							Permian 3					266.9
		Roadian		Kazanian	Sokian							Permian 3					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian							Permian 2	Luodianian				273.01
			Filipovian		276.5 *
			Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian	Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
				Sarginian	Longlinian	285.4 *
				Irginian		285.9 *
				Burtsevian		287.8 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian	Permian 1	Zisongian	293.52
				Uskalykian			294.8
				Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Gzhelian					300.1
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Late Famennian		Devonian 5	358.9
					Middle Famennian			365.3 *
					Early Famennian			368.5 *
		Frasnian			Late Frasnian		Devonian 4	372.2
					Middle Frasnian			375.4 *
					Early Frasnian			379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Late Givetian		Devonian 3	382.7
					Middle Givetian			383.7 *
					Early Givetian			385.9 *
		Eifelian			Late Eifelian			387.7
		Eifelian			Early Eifelian			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Late Emsian		Devonian 2	393.3
		Emsian			Early Emsian		Devonian 2	398.3 *
		Pragian			Pragian		Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian			Late Lochkovian			410.8
					Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	Silurian 2	419.2
	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton		421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood		423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian						Buildwas		426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian						Buildwas		427.4
		Homerian					Wych	Woolhope		428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Silurian 1	433.4
		Telychian								436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
		Aeronian					Cowleigh Park			439.3 *
		Rhuddanian					Cowleigh Park			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Kosovian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian							Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian							Berounian			449.7 *
		Sandbian								Ordovician 4		453
												Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
											Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Ordovician 3				458.4
									Dobrotivian					458.5 *
									Oretanian					459.7 *
											Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian								Klabava †	Ordovician 2			467.3
		Dapingian							Arenigian					468
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Arenigian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							Tremadocian		Ordovician 1			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Cambrian 5			485.4
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Cambrian 4			Series 3 †	497
		Drumian									Cambrian 4				500.5
		Wuliuan									Cambrian 3				Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Cambrian 3					509
	Series 2	Stage 3									Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Cambrian 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									Cambrian 1					529
																	538.8