PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Central Paratethys Stages	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Devonian of Eastern North America		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian													Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
			Miocene	Messinian															5.333
				Tortonian	Pannonian														7.246
				Serravallian	Sarmatian														11.63
				Serravallian	Badenian														12.8 *
				Langhian															13.82
				Burdigalian															15.98
				Aquitanian															20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian															27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
				Bartonian															37.71
				Lutetian															41.2
				Ypresian															47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian															56
				Selandian															59.2
				Danian															61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
				Campanian															72.1
				Santonian															83.6
				Coniacian															86.3
				Turonian															89.8
				Cenomanian															93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
				Aptian															113
				Barremian															121.4
				Hauterivian															125.77
				Valanginian															132.6
				Berriasian															139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
				Kimmeridgian															149.2
				Oxfordian															154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
				Bathonian															165.3
				Bajocian															168.2
				Aalenian															170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
				Pliensbachian															184.2
				Sinemurian															192.9
				Hettangian															199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
				Norian															208.5
				Carnian															227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian															237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian															242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian															247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan															251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian													251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian														Longtanian †	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian															259.51
				Wordian															264.28
				Wordian		Noginskian													264.9 *
				Roadian															266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian															273.01
				Kungurian		Pavlovoposadian													276.8 *
				Artinskian		Pavlovoposadian													283.5
				Artinskian		Rusavkinian													287.6 *
				Sakmarian															290.1
				Asselian															293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian															298.9
				Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian													303.7
						Khamovnikian													304.8
						Krevyakinian													305.8 *
Moscovian				Myachkovian		307
				Podolskian		308.9 *
				Kashirian		311.4 *
				Vereian		313.8
				Melekessian		314.8
Bashkirian				Melekessian		315.2
				Cheremshanian	316.9 *
				Prikamian	318.6 *
				Severokeltmian	319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
				Voznesenian	321.9 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	323.2
				Protvian	324.4 *
				Steshevian	326.8 *
				Tarusian	329 *
			Visean	Venevian	330.9
				Mikhailovian	331.9 *
				Aleksinian	333.7 *
				Tulian	335.8 *
				Bobrikian	339.9 *
				Radaevkian	343.4 *
			Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
				Kizelian	350.7 *
				Cherepetian	351.9 *
				Karakubian	354.4 *
				Upinian	356.3 *
				Malevkian	357.6 *
				Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian		Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian		West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian		Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
			Pragian				407.6
			Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian		Pridoli					419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
		Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju	Porkuni	Kosovian	443.8
			Katian					Pirgu	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
								Vormsi	Kralodvorian		449.6 *
								Vormsi	Berounian		449.7 *
								Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
	Viru						Rakvere	450.6 *
							Oandu	452 *
			Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †			453
							Haljala				453.9
							Haljala				Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
							Kukruse						456.4 *
							Uhaku	Aluoja †					457.5 *
										Liben †			458 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
									Dobrotivian				458.5 *
							Lasnamagi		Dobrotivian				458.9 *
							Lasnamagi		Oretanian				459.7 *
							Aseri						460.4 *
							Aseri			Sarka †			461.7 *
	Oeland						Kunda						462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum					464.3 *
							Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian							Klabava †				467.3
									Arenigian					468
							Billingen							469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian											470
								Latorp †						470.1 *
							Hunneberg							473.7 *
			Tremadocian				Hunneberg		Tremadocian					477.7
							Varangu							481.3 *
							Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort							485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
			Jiangshanian											489.5
			Paibian											494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	497
			Drumian												500.5
			Wuliuan												Stage 5 †	504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4													509
		Series 2	Stage 3													514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
Proterozoic		Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran														Vendian	538.8
			Cryogenian															635
			Tonian															720
			Tonian														Karatau	800
		Mesoproterozoic	Stenian														Karatau	1000
			Stenian														Yurmatian	1100
			Ectasian	1200													Yurmatian
			Ectasian	Burzyan													1375
																			1400