PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of the Pamirs	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Carboniferous of China	Devonian Subages	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian									11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Dorashamian			Melekhovian					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian	Dzhulfian							Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Midian								259.51
		Wordian									264.28
						Noginskian					264.9 *
			Murgabian								266.2 *
		Roadian	Murgabian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Kubergandian								273.01
			Kubergandian			Pavlovoposadian					276.8 *
			Bolorian								279.8
		Artinskian	Bolorian								283.5
			Yakhtashian								286
			Yakhtashian			Rusavkinian					287.6 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian	Asselian								293.52
		Asselian	Asselian	Kuzel							297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
					Xiaodushanian		300 *
				Stephanian			Stephanian C	300.3 *
							Stephanian B	300.9 *
							Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian				Dorogomilovian		303.7
						Khamovnikian		304.8
						Khamovnikian	Cantabrian	305 *
					Krevyakinian	Dalaun		305.8 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian			307
				Westphalian	Myachkovian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
					Podolskian		Westphalian D	308.9 *
					Podolskian		Westphalian C	309.8
					Kashirian			311.4 *
					Vereian			313.8
					Vereian		Westphalian B	314.6
					Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian			315.2
					Cheremshanian			316.9 *
							Westphalian A	317 *
						Huashibanian		318.5 *
					Prikamian			318.6 *
				Namurian	Prikamian		Yeadonian	318.8 *
					Severokeltmian		Yeadonian	319.9 *
					Severokeltmian		Marsdenian	320.2 *
					Krasnopolyanian	Lousuan	Marsdenian	321.2 *
					Krasnopolyanian		Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
					Voznesenian		Kinderscoutian	321.9 *
							Alportian	322 *
							Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Zapaltjubian	Dewunian	Chokierian	323.2
					Zapaltjubian		Arnsbergian	324 *
					Protvian			324.4 *
					Steshevian			326.8 *
					Steshevian		Pendleian	327.4 *
					Tarusian			329 *
					Tarusian	Shangsian		330.8 *
		Visean		Warnantian	Brigantian †		Venevian	330.9
							Mikhailovian	331.9 *
							Aleksinian	333.7 *
						Jiusian	Aleksinian	335 *
							Tulian	335.8 *
				Livian	Asbian †		Tulian	336.3 *
				Livian	Asbian †		Bobrikian	339.9 *
				Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		Bobrikian	340.2 *
				Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian		Ivorian		Kosvian	Tangbagouan	346.7
						Kizelian		350.7 *
						Cherepetian		351.9 *
				Hastarian		Cherepetian		353.7 *
						Karakubian		354.4 *
						Upinian		356.3 *
						Malevkian		357.6 *
						Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Late Famennian	358.9
								Middle Famennian	365.3 *
								Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian						Late Frasnian	372.2
								Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
								Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Late Givetian	382.7
								Middle Givetian	383.7 *
								Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian						Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian					390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian					393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian					398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian					410.8
			Middle Lochkovian					412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian					415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
		Katian						445.2
		Sandbian						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	504.5
											509