PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian of China	Ordovician of China			Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Wanganui	Haweran			0
				Northgrippian											0.0042
				Greenlandian											0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
				Chibanian											0.129
				Chibanian								Castlecliffian			0.34
				Calabrian								Castlecliffian			0.774
				Calabrian								Nukumaruan			1.63
				Gelasian								Nukumaruan			1.8
				Gelasian								Mangapanian			2.4
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Mangapanian		Tertiary †	2.58
				Piacenzian								Waipipian			3
				Zanclean								Waipipian			3.6
				Zanclean								Opoitian			3.7
			Miocene	Messinian							Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
				Messinian								Tongaporutuan			7.2
				Tortonian								Tongaporutuan			7.246
				Tortonian							Southland	Waiauan			11.04
				Serravallian								Waiauan			11.63
				Serravallian								Lillburnian			13.05
				Langhian								Lillburnian			13.82
												Clifdenian			15.1
											Pareora	Altonian			15.9
				Burdigalian								Altonian			15.98
				Burdigalian								Otaian			18.7
				Aquitanian								Otaian			20.44
				Aquitanian							Landon	Waitakian			21.7
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Waitakian			23.03
												Duntroonian			25.2
												Whaingaroan			27.3
				Rupelian											27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
											Arnold	Runangan			34.6
												Kaiatan			36.7
				Bartonian								Kaiatan			37.71
				Bartonian								Bortonian			39.1
				Lutetian								Bortonian			41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
												Heretaungan			45.7
				Ypresian								Heretaungan			47.8
												Mangaorapan			48.9
												Waipawan			52
			Paleocene	Thanetian								Teurian			56
				Selandian											59.2
				Danian											61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Mata	Haumurian			66
				Campanian								Haumurian			72.1
				Santonian								Piripauan			83.6
				Santonian							Raukumara	Teratan			86.1
				Coniacian											86.3
				Turonian											89.8
												Mangaotanean			90.5
												Arowhanan			93.7
				Cenomanian								Arowhanan			93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian			95.2
												Motuan			99.5
			Early Cretaceous	Albian								Motuan			100.5
												Urutawan			103.3
											Taitai	Korangan			108.4
				Aptian								Korangan			113
				Aptian											117.5
				Barremian											121.4
				Hauterivian											125.77
				Valanginian											132.6
Berriasian				139.8
Jurassic		Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
			Kimmeridgian		149.2
			Oxfordian		154.8
		Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
			Bathonian		165.3
			Bajocian		168.2
			Aalenian		170.9
		Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
			Pliensbachian		184.2
			Sinemurian		192.9
			Hettangian		199.5
Triassic		Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
			Norian		208.5
			Carnian		227
		Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
		Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
		Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
		Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	251.902
			Changhsingian		Baoqingian	253.4 *
			Wuchiapingian		Laoshanian	Longtanian †	254.14
			Wuchiapingian		Laibinian	Longtanian †	257.7 *
		Guadalupian	Capitanian		Lengwuan		259.51
			Wordian		Kuhfengian		264.28
			Roadian		Kuhfengian		266.9
		Cisuralian	Kungurian		Luodianian		273.01
			Artinskian		Luodianian		283.5
			Artinskian		Longlinian		285.4 *
			Sakmarian		Longlinian		290.1
			Asselian		Zisongian		293.52
	Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
							Xiaodushanian	300 *
								300.1
			Kasimovian					303.7
			Kasimovian				Dalaun	305.8 *
			Moscovian					307
			Bashkirian					315.2
							Huashibanian	318.5 *
							Lousuan	321.2 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Dewunian	323.2
			Serpukhovian				Shangsian	330.8 *
			Visean				Shangsian	330.9
			Visean				Jiusian	335 *
			Tournaisian				Tangbagouan	346.7
	Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
			Pragian					407.6
			Lochkovian					410.8
	Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
		Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
			Aeronian					438.5
			Rhuddanian					440.8
	Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
			Katian					Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	445.2
			Katian					Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
			Sandbian					Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
			Darriwilian	Hunjiang †				Darriwilian	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
			Dapingian					Dapingian		467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian					Yiyangian		470
			Tremadocian					Xinchangian		477.7
			Tremadocian					Xinchangian	Lianghekou †	477.9 *
	Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							485.4
			Jiangshanian							489.5
			Paibian							494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	497
			Drumian								500.5
			Wuliuan			Stage 5 †					504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4								509
		Series 2	Stage 3								514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
															635