PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Devonian of Germany	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Permian of North America		Ordovician of the Baltic				Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan														0
				Northgrippian														0.0042
				Greenlandian														0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
				Chibanian														0.129
				Calabrian														0.774
				Gelasian														1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian												Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
			Miocene	Messinian														5.333
				Tortonian														7.246
				Serravallian														11.63
				Langhian														13.82
				Burdigalian														15.98
				Aquitanian														20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
				Bartonian														37.71
				Lutetian														41.2
				Ypresian														47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian														56
				Selandian														59.2
				Danian														61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
				Campanian														72.1
				Santonian														83.6
				Coniacian														86.3
				Turonian														89.8
				Cenomanian														93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
				Aptian														113
				Barremian														121.4
				Hauterivian														125.77
				Valanginian														132.6
				Berriasian														139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
				Kimmeridgian														149.2
				Oxfordian														154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
				Bathonian														165.3
				Bajocian														168.2
				Aalenian														170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
				Pliensbachian														184.2
				Sinemurian														192.9
				Hettangian														199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
				Norian														208.5
				Carnian														227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian													Longtanian †	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian						Capitanian								259.51
				Wordian						Wordian								264.28
				Roadian						Roadian								266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian						Leonardian	Cathedralian							273.01
				Kungurian							Hessian							281.9 *
				Artinskian							Hessian							283.5
				Artinskian						Wolfcampian	Lenoxian							286.1 *
				Sakmarian							Lenoxian							290.1
Asselian				Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
			Kasimovian			303.7
			Moscovian			307
			Bashkirian			315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
			Visean			330.9
			Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			Adorf	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Eifelian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			Emsian	393.3
			Pragian			Siegen	407.6
			Lochkovian			Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian		Pridoli					419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
		Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Kosovian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
			Katian				Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	Pirgu	445.2
							Kralodvorian			Vormsi	449.6 *
							Berounian			Vormsi	449.7 *
										Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
								Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
										Oandu		452 *
			Sandbian							Keila	Idavere †	453
										Haljala		453.9
										Haljala		Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
										Kukruse				456.4 *
										Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
									Liben †					458 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
							Dobrotivian							458.5 *
							Dobrotivian			Lasnamagi				458.9 *
							Oretanian			Lasnamagi				459.7 *
										Aseri				460.4 *
									Sarka †	Aseri				461.7 *
								Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
										Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
										Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian						Klabava †						467.3
							Arenigian								468
										Billingen					469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian												470
											Latorp †				470.1 *
										Hunneberg					473.7 *
			Tremadocian				Tremadocian			Hunneberg					477.7
										Varangu					481.3 *
										Pakerort					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Pakerort	485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †				497
		Drumian													500.5
		Wuliuan													Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														509
	Series 2	Stage 3														514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran														538.8
		Cryogenian														635
		Tonian														720
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian														1000
		Ectasian														1200
		Calymmian														1400
	Paleoproterozoic	Statherian														1600
		Orosirian														1800
		Rhyacian														2050
		Siderian														2300
Archean	Neoarchean															2500
	Mesoarchean															2800
	Paleoarchean															3200
	Eoarchean					3600
Hadean						4000
																		4600