PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Permian of China	Ordovician of China			Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan								Wanganui	Haweran			0
				Northgrippian												0.0042
				Greenlandian												0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
				Chibanian												0.129
				Chibanian									Castlecliffian			0.34
				Calabrian									Castlecliffian			0.774
				Calabrian									Nukumaruan			1.63
				Gelasian									Nukumaruan			1.8
				Gelasian									Mangapanian			2.4
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									Mangapanian		Tertiary †	2.58
				Piacenzian									Waipipian			3
				Zanclean									Waipipian			3.6
				Zanclean									Opoitian			3.7
			Miocene	Messinian								Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
				Messinian									Tongaporutuan			7.2
				Tortonian									Tongaporutuan			7.246
				Tortonian								Southland	Waiauan			11.04
				Serravallian									Waiauan			11.63
				Serravallian									Lillburnian			13.05
				Langhian									Lillburnian			13.82
													Clifdenian			15.1
												Pareora	Altonian			15.9
				Burdigalian									Altonian			15.98
				Burdigalian									Otaian			18.7
				Aquitanian									Otaian			20.44
				Aquitanian								Landon	Waitakian			21.7
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Waitakian			23.03
													Duntroonian			25.2
													Whaingaroan			27.3
				Rupelian												27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
												Arnold	Runangan			34.6
													Kaiatan			36.7
				Bartonian									Kaiatan			37.71
				Bartonian									Bortonian			39.1
				Lutetian									Bortonian			41.2
												Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
													Heretaungan			45.7
				Ypresian									Heretaungan			47.8
													Mangaorapan			48.9
													Waipawan			52
			Paleocene	Thanetian									Teurian			56
				Selandian												59.2
				Danian												61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Mata	Haumurian			66
				Campanian									Haumurian			72.1
				Santonian									Piripauan			83.6
				Santonian								Raukumara	Teratan			86.1
				Coniacian												86.3
				Turonian												89.8
													Mangaotanean			90.5
													Arowhanan			93.7
				Cenomanian									Arowhanan			93.9
												Clarence	Ngaterian			95.2
													Motuan			99.5
			Early Cretaceous	Albian									Motuan			100.5
													Urutawan			103.3
												Taitai	Korangan			108.4
				Aptian									Korangan			113
				Aptian												117.5
				Barremian												121.4
				Hauterivian												125.77
				Valanginian												132.6
Berriasian				139.8
Jurassic		Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
			Kimmeridgian		149.2
			Oxfordian		154.8
		Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
			Bathonian		165.3
			Bajocian		168.2
			Aalenian		170.9
		Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
			Pliensbachian		184.2
			Sinemurian		192.9
			Hettangian		199.5
Triassic		Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
			Norian		208.5
			Carnian		227
		Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
		Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
		Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
		Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	251.902
			Changhsingian		Baoqingian	253.4 *
			Wuchiapingian		Laoshanian	Longtanian †	254.14
			Wuchiapingian		Laibinian	Longtanian †	257.7 *
		Guadalupian	Capitanian		Lengwuan		259.51
			Wordian		Kuhfengian		264.28
			Roadian		Kuhfengian		266.9
		Cisuralian	Kungurian		Luodianian		273.01
			Artinskian		Luodianian		283.5
			Artinskian		Longlinian		285.4 *
			Sakmarian		Longlinian		290.1
			Asselian		Zisongian		293.52
	Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
							Xiaodushanian	300 *
								300.1
			Kasimovian					303.7
			Kasimovian				Dalaun	305.8 *
			Moscovian					307
			Bashkirian					315.2
							Huashibanian	318.5 *
							Lousuan	321.2 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Dewunian	323.2
			Serpukhovian				Shangsian	330.8 *
			Visean				Shangsian	330.9
			Visean				Jiusian	335 *
			Tournaisian				Tangbagouan	346.7
	Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian					Srbsko	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Chotec	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian					Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
			Pragian					Pragian	407.6
			Lochkovian					Lochkovian	410.8
	Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
		Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
			Aeronian						438.5
			Rhuddanian						440.8
	Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
			Katian						Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	445.2
			Katian						Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
			Sandbian						Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
			Darriwilian	Hunjiang †					Darriwilian	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
			Dapingian						Dapingian		467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian						Yiyangian		470
			Tremadocian						Xinchangian		477.7
			Tremadocian						Xinchangian	Lianghekou †	477.9 *
	Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								485.4
			Jiangshanian								489.5
			Paibian								494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †	497
			Drumian									500.5
			Wuliuan			Stage 5 †						504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4									509
		Series 2	Stage 3									514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran											Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran											Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
																635