PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian Subages	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan								Cenozoic 6			0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Calabrian											0.774
		Gelasian											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					Tertiary †						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian								Cenozoic 5			11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Cenozoic 4			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Cenozoic 4			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Cenozoic 3			33.9
		Bartonian								Cenozoic 3			37.71
		Lutetian								Cenozoic 2			41.2
		Ypresian								Cenozoic 2			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Cenozoic 1			56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Cretaceous 8			66
		Campanian								Cretaceous 7			72.1
		Santonian								Cretaceous 6			83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian								Cretaceous 5			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Cretaceous 4			100.5
		Aptian								Cretaceous 3			113
		Barremian								Cretaceous 2			121.4
		Hauterivian								Cretaceous 2			125.77
		Valanginian								Cretaceous 1			132.6
		Berriasian								Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian								Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian								Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian								Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian								Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian								Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian								Jurassic 1			192.9
		Hettangian								Jurassic 1			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								Triassic 4			201.4
		Norian								Triassic 4			208.5
		Carnian								Triassic 3			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								Triassic 2			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian								Triassic 2			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								Triassic 1			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan								Triassic 1			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								Permian 4			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †					254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian											259.51
		Wordian											264.28
		Roadian								Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian											283.5
		Sakmarian											290.1
		Asselian								Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Carboniferous 5		Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7									Mapingian †
		Kasimovian		305.9
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5	Late Famennian	358.9
					Middle Famennian	365.3 *
					Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian		Devonian 4	Late Frasnian	372.2
					Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
					Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3	Late Givetian	382.7
					Middle Givetian	383.7 *
					Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian			Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian			Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian		Devonian 2	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian		Devonian 1	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian			Late Lochkovian	410.8
					Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli			Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Kosovian		Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian		Kralodvorian			Bohdalec †		445.2
		Katian		Berounian					449.7 *
		Sandbian				Ordovician 4			453
									Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
							Liben †				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Ordovician 3					458.4
				Dobrotivian							458.5 *
				Oretanian							459.7 *
							Sarka †				461.7 *
		Dapingian				Klabava †	Ordovician 2				467.3
		Dapingian		Arenigian							468
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Arenigian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Tremadocian			Ordovician 1				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Cambrian 5				485.4
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †				Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian									Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †			Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3									Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									Cambrian 1	529
													538.8