PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126610 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Australia	Silurian of England			Devonian of France	Cambrian of Siberia			Carboniferous of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian										Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian													11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
		Bartonian													37.71
		Lutetian													41.2
		Ypresian													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian													56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian													125.77
		Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
		Kimmeridgian													149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian													168.2
		Aalenian													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian													174.7
		Pliensbachian													184.2
		Sinemurian													192.9
		Hettangian													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian													208.5
		Carnian													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian											Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian													259.51
		Wordian													264.28
		Roadian													266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian													273.01
		Artinskian													283.5
		Sakmarian													290.1
		Asselian													293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian													298.9
		Gzhelian									Xiaodushanian				300 *
		Kasimovian									Xiaodushanian				303.7
		Kasimovian									Dalaun				305.8 *
		Moscovian													307
		Bashkirian													315.2
											Huashibanian				318.5 *
											Lousuan				321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian	330.9
		Visean	Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien		408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian				425.6
		Gorstian			Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian			Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian	Wych		Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Telychian				436.3 *
		Aeronian				438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park			439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Bolindian				443.8
		Katian	Bolindian				445.2
			Eastonian				449 *
			Gisbornian				452 *
		Sandbian	Gisbornian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian				458.4
		Dapingian	Yapeenian				467.3
		Dapingian	Castlemainian				468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian				470
			Bendigonian				471.8 *
			Lancefieldian				473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Lancefieldian				477.7
			Warendian				482.8 *
			Warendian				Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Stage 10						Festiniogian				489.2 *
		Jiangshanian										489.5
									Aksaian			490.7 *
									Sakian			492.2 *
								Maentwrogian				493.1 *
		Paibian										494
		Paibian									Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					St Davids		Ayusokkanian			Series 3 †		497
		Guzhangian							Mayan/Menevian				499.5
		Drumian							Mayan/Menevian				500.5
		Wuliuan							Amgan/Solvan				Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Caerfai		Amgan/Solvan					509
									Toyonian	Lenian †				510 *
									Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3							Botomian					514
		Stage 3							Atdabanian					515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Tommotian					521
		Stage 2							Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian							Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †				529
															538.8