PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126606 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Ordovician of the Baltic				Ammonite Chrons of North America			Carboniferous of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian											Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
			Miocene	Messinian													5.333
				Tortonian													7.246
				Serravallian													11.63
				Langhian													13.82
				Burdigalian													15.98
				Aquitanian													20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
				Bartonian													37.71
				Lutetian													41.2
				Ypresian													47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian													56
				Selandian													59.2
				Danian													61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
				Campanian													72.1
				Santonian													83.6
				Coniacian													86.3
				Turonian													89.8
				Cenomanian													93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
				Aptian													113
				Barremian													121.4
				Hauterivian													125.77
				Valanginian													132.6
				Berriasian													139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
				Kimmeridgian													149.2
				Oxfordian													154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
				Bathonian													165.3
				Bajocian							Epizigzagiceras						168.2
				Bajocian							Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense						168.4
				Aalenian							Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni						170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta						174.7
											Planulata						179.3 *
											Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi				179.8 *
											Kanense						181.3 *
											Carlottense						182.3 *
											Kunae						183.5 *
				Pliensbachian							Kunae						184.2
											Freboldi						185.1 *
											Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras					186.2 *
												Tetraspidoceras					189.2 *
											Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis					190.3 *
				Sinemurian													192.9
											Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras				196.4 *
											Franziceras/Euphyllites						196.5 *
				Hettangian							Franziceras/Euphyllites						199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
				Norian													208.5
				Carnian													227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian												Longtanian †	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian													259.51
				Wordian													264.28
				Roadian													266.9
Cisuralian			Kungurian	273.01
			Artinskian	283.5
			Sakmarian	290.1
			Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	298.9
			Gzhelian	Xiaodushanian	300 *
			Kasimovian	Xiaodushanian	303.7
			Kasimovian	Dalaun	305.8 *
			Moscovian		307
			Bashkirian		315.2
				Huashibanian	318.5 *
				Lousuan	321.2 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian	323.2
			Serpukhovian	Shangsian	330.8 *
			Visean	Shangsian	330.9
			Visean	Jiusian	335 *
			Tournaisian	Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
			Pragian		407.6
			Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian		Pridoli			419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
		Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
			Aeronian		438.5
			Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju	Porkuni	443.8
			Katian			Pirgu	445.2
						Vormsi	449.6 *
						Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
					Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
						Oandu		452 *
			Sandbian			Keila	Idavere †	453
						Haljala		453.9
						Kukruse		456.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Uhaku		458.4
						Lasnamagi		458.9 *
						Aseri		460.4 *
					Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian			Volkhov			467.3
			Dapingian			Billingen			469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian						470
							Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg			473.7 *
			Tremadocian			Hunneberg			477.7
						Varangu			481.3 *
						Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort			485.4
									486.3 *
									486.5
	Jiangshanian		489.5
	Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †						497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								509
	Series 2	Stage 3								514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
																	635