PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 125938 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Australia	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of the Baltic			Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Wanganui	Haweran					0
				Northgrippian												0.0042
				Greenlandian												0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
				Chibanian												0.129
				Chibanian							Castlecliffian					0.34
				Calabrian							Castlecliffian					0.774
				Calabrian							Nukumaruan					1.63
				Gelasian							Nukumaruan					1.8
				Gelasian							Mangapanian					2.4
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Mangapanian				Tertiary †	2.58
				Piacenzian							Waipipian					3
				Zanclean							Waipipian					3.6
				Zanclean							Opoitian					3.7
			Miocene	Messinian						Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
				Messinian							Tongaporutuan					7.2
				Tortonian							Tongaporutuan					7.246
				Tortonian						Southland	Waiauan					11.04
				Serravallian							Waiauan					11.63
				Serravallian							Lillburnian					13.05
				Langhian							Lillburnian					13.82
											Clifdenian					15.1
										Pareora	Altonian					15.9
				Burdigalian							Altonian					15.98
				Burdigalian							Otaian					18.7
				Aquitanian							Otaian					20.44
				Aquitanian						Landon	Waitakian					21.7
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Waitakian					23.03
											Duntroonian					25.2
											Whaingaroan					27.3
				Rupelian												27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
										Arnold	Runangan					34.6
											Kaiatan					36.7
				Bartonian							Kaiatan					37.71
				Bartonian							Bortonian					39.1
				Lutetian							Bortonian					41.2
										Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
											Heretaungan					45.7
				Ypresian							Heretaungan					47.8
											Mangaorapan					48.9
											Waipawan					52
			Paleocene	Thanetian							Teurian					56
				Selandian												59.2
				Danian												61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Mata	Haumurian					66
				Campanian							Haumurian					72.1
				Santonian							Piripauan					83.6
				Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
				Coniacian												86.3
				Turonian												89.8
											Mangaotanean					90.5
											Arowhanan					93.7
				Cenomanian							Arowhanan					93.9
										Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
											Motuan					99.5
			Early Cretaceous	Albian							Motuan					100.5
											Urutawan					103.3
										Taitai	Korangan					108.4
				Aptian							Korangan					113
				Aptian												117.5
				Barremian												121.4
				Hauterivian												125.77
				Valanginian												132.6
Berriasian				139.8
Jurassic		Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan		145
			Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
				Kawhia	Ohauan		150
					Heterian		154.5
			Oxfordian				154.8
		Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
			Callovian		Temaikan		164.3
			Bathonian				165.3
			Bajocian				168.2
			Aalenian				170.9
		Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
			Toarcian	Herangi	Ururoan		176
			Pliensbachian		Ururoan		184.2
			Pliensbachian		Aratauran		188.9
			Sinemurian				192.9
			Hettangian				199.5
Triassic		Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
			Norian		Warepan		208.5
					Otamitan		217
					Oretian		221
			Carnian		Oretian		227
			Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
		Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan		237
			Ladinian		Etalian		238
			Anisian		Etalian		242
			Anisian		Malakovian		246
		Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian		247.2
			Olenekian		Nelsonian		249
			Induan		Nelsonian		251.2
			Induan	DUrville	Makarewan		251.5
Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan		251.902
			Changhsingian		Waiitian		253.2
			Wuchiapingian		Waiitian		Longtanian †	254.14
			Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan		Longtanian †	254.2
		Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian			259.51
			Wordian		Flettian			264.28
			Wordian		Barettian			266
			Roadian					266.9
		Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
			Kungurian		Mangapirian			276
			Artinskian		Mangapirian			283.5
					Telfordian			285
								288.5
			Sakmarian					290.1
			Asselian					293.52
	Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
			Kasimovian					303.7
			Moscovian					307
			Bashkirian					315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
			Visean					330.9
			Tournaisian					346.7
	Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
			Pragian					407.6
			Lochkovian					410.8
	Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
		Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
			Aeronian			438.5
			Rhuddanian			440.8
	Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju		Porkuni	443.8
			Katian					Pirgu	445.2
								Vormsi	449.6 *
								Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
								Oandu		452 *
			Sandbian					Keila	Idavere †	453
								Haljala		453.9
								Kukruse		456.4 *
								Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku		458.4
								Lasnamagi		458.9 *
								Aseri		460.4 *
						Oeland		Kunda		462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian					Volkhov			467.3
			Dapingian					Billingen			469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian								470
									Latorp †		470.1 *
								Hunneberg			473.7 *
			Tremadocian					Hunneberg			477.7
								Varangu			481.3 *
								Pakerort			482.2 *
	Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Pakerort	Datsonian			485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
Payntonian									486.8 *
Jiangshanian			Iverian						489.5
Paibian			Idamean						494
Miaolingian		Guzhangian	Mindyallan						Series 3 †			497
		Guzhangian	Boomerangian				499
		Drumian	Undillan				500.5
		Drumian	Floran				503
		Wuliuan	Templetonian				Stage 5 †					504.5
		Wuliuan	Ordian				Stage 5 †					507.8 *
Series 2		Stage 4	Ordian									509
		Stage 4										510.8 *
		Stage 3										514
Terreneuvian		Stage 2		521
Terreneuvian		Fortunian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
																635