PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Devonian Subages	Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of China		Silurian Ages of Europe	Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									Tertiary †			2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
			Miocene	Messinian												5.333
				Tortonian												7.246
				Serravallian												11.63
				Langhian												13.82
				Burdigalian												15.98
				Aquitanian												20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian												27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
				Bartonian												37.71
				Lutetian												41.2
				Ypresian												47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian												56
				Selandian												59.2
				Danian												61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
				Campanian												72.1
				Santonian												83.6
				Coniacian												86.3
				Turonian												89.8
				Cenomanian												93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
				Aptian												113
				Barremian												121.4
				Hauterivian												125.77
				Valanginian												132.6
				Berriasian												139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
				Kimmeridgian												149.2
				Oxfordian												154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
				Bathonian												165.3
				Bajocian												168.2
				Aalenian												170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
				Pliensbachian												184.2
				Sinemurian												192.9
				Hettangian												199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
				Norian												208.5
				Carnian												227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian												247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan												251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian												251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian										Longtanian †		254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian												259.51
				Wordian												264.28
				Roadian												266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian												273.01
				Artinskian												283.5
				Sakmarian												290.1
				Asselian												293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												298.9
				Gzhelian								Xiaodushanian				300 *
				Kasimovian								Xiaodushanian				303.7
				Kasimovian								Dalaun				305.8 *
				Moscovian												307
				Bashkirian												315.2
												Huashibanian				318.5 *
												Lousuan				321.2 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Dewunian	323.2
			Serpukhovian	Shangsian	330.8 *
			Visean	Shangsian	330.9
			Visean	Jiusian	335 *
			Tournaisian	Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian		358.9
				Middle Famennian		365.3 *
				Early Famennian		368.5 *
			Frasnian	Late Frasnian		372.2
				Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
				Early Frasnian		379.3 *
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian		382.7
				Middle Givetian		383.7 *
				Early Givetian		385.9 *
			Eifelian	Late Eifelian		387.7
			Eifelian	Early Eifelian		390.3 *
		Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian		393.3
			Emsian	Early Emsian		398.3 *
			Pragian	Pragian		407.6
			Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian		410.8
				Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
				Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian		Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			Gleedonian	427.4
			Homerian			Whitwellian	429.7 *
			Sheinwoodian				430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Bolindian	443.8
			Katian				Bolindian	445.2
							Eastonian	449 *
							Gisbornian	452 *
			Sandbian				Gisbornian	453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Darriwilian	458.4
			Dapingian				Yapeenian	467.3
			Dapingian				Castlemainian	468.5 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian				Chewtonian	470
							Bendigonian	471.8 *
							Lancefieldian	473.5 *
			Tremadocian				Lancefieldian	477.7
			Tremadocian				Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
			Stage 10					Festiniogian	Niuchehean		489.2 *
			Jiangshanian					Festiniogian	Jiangshanian		489.5
	Maentwrogian		Jiangshanian					493.1 *	Jiangshanian
			Paibian					Paibian	494
			Paibian					Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	St Davids					Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Series 3 †	497
		Drumian						Drumian	Wangcunian †		500.5
		Wuliuan						Wuliuan/Taijangian			Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Caerfai					Duyunian				509
	Series 2	Stage 3						Nangaoian				514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Meishucunian				521
		Fortunian						Meishucunian				529
		Fortunian						Jinnigian				530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran												Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian													635
		Tonian													720
		Tonian												Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian												Karatau	1000
		Stenian												Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian												Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian												Burzyan	1375
																1400