PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Permian of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan			Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Nihewanian							0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Chibanian				Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian				Castlecliffian				0.774
		Calabrian				Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian				Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian				Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Yushean			Mangapanian		Tertiary †		2.58
		Piacenzian				Waipipian				3
		Zanclean				Waipipian				3.6
						Opoitian				3.7
			Baodean			Opoitian				4.9
	Miocene	Messinian			Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian				Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian				Tongaporutuan				7.246
					Southland	Waiauan				11.04
			Tunggurian							11.1
		Serravallian								11.63
		Serravallian				Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian	Shanwangian			Lillburnian				13.82
						Clifdenian				15.1
					Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian								15.98
			Xiejiaan							16.9
						Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian				Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian			Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Waitakian				23.03
						Duntroonian				25.2
						Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								33.9
					Arnold	Runangan				34.6
						Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian				Kaiatan				37.71
		Bartonian				Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian				Bortonian				41.2
					Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
						Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian				Heretaungan				47.8
						Mangaorapan				48.9
						Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Teurian				56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian				Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
						Mangaotanean				90.5
						Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan				93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
						Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan				100.5
						Urutawan				103.3
					Taitai	Korangan				108.4
		Aptian				Korangan				113
		Aptian								117.5
		Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Meishanian		251.902
		Changhsingian			Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Laoshanian		Longtanian †		254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Laibinian		Longtanian †		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Lengwuan				259.51
		Wordian			Kuhfengian				264.28
		Roadian			Kuhfengian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Luodianian				273.01
		Artinskian	283.5		Luodianian
		Artinskian	Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian	Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
					Xiaodushanian				300 *
									300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Kasimovian			Dalaun				305.8 *
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
					Huashibanian				318.5 *
					Lousuan				321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Dewunian				323.2
		Serpukhovian			Shangsian				330.8 *
		Visean			Shangsian				330.9
		Visean			Jiusian				335 *
		Tournaisian			Tangbagouan				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †	504.5
										509