PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian of the Russian Platform		Devonian of France	Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of China		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Ordovician of Britain
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Middle Jurassic	Bajocian								Epizigzagiceras					168.2
				Bajocian								Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense					168.4
				Aalenian								Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni					170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta					174.7
												Planulata					179.3 *
												Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi			179.8 *
												Kanense					181.3 *
												Carlottense					182.3 *
												Kunae					183.5 *
				Pliensbachian								Kunae					184.2
												Freboldi					185.1 *
												Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras				186.2 *
													Tetraspidoceras				189.2 *
												Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis				190.3 *
				Sinemurian													192.9
												Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras			196.4 *
												Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
				Hettangian								Franziceras/Euphyllites					199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
				Norian													208.5
				Carnian													227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
				Wuchiapingian													254.14
				Wuchiapingian	Tatarian	Vyatkian											256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian		Severodvinian											259.51
				Wordian		Urzhumian											264.28
				Roadian	Kazanian	Povolzhian											266.9
				Roadian	Kazanian	Sokian											270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian											273.01
						Filipovian											276.5 *
						Saraninian											280.1 *
				Artinskian	Artinskian	Sarginian											283.5
						Irginian											285.9 *
						Burtsevian											287.8 *
				Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian											290.1
				Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian											291.7 *
				Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian											293.52
						Uskalykian											294.8
						Surenian											297.5
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian								298.9
				Kasimovian					Late Pennsylvanian								303.7
				Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian								307
				Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian								315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian								323.2
				Visean					Middle Mississippian								330.9
				Tournaisian					Early Mississippian								346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Famennian										358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian			Frasnian										372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian										382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Couvinien										387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian													393.3
				Pragian													407.6
				Pragian			Coblencien										408.2 *
				Lochkovian			Gedinnine										410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli														419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian													423
			Ludlow	Gorstian													425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian													427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian													430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian													433.4
Aeronian				438.5
Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill				Hirnantian		443.8
			Katian					Rawtheyan		445.2
								Cautleyan		448.9 *
								Pusgillian		449.3 *
				Caradoc				Streffordian		Onnian †	449.6 *
								Cheneyan			451.5 *
								Burrellian			452.7 *
			Sandbian								453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †				454.2 *
										Longvillian †					455.2 *
								Aurelucian		Longvillian †					456.8 *
								Aurelucian		Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn				Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn							458.4
			Darriwilian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
			Dapingian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					467.3
			Dapingian	Arenig				Fennian				468.4 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian					Fennian				470
								Whitlandian				471.1 *
								Moridunian				474.3 *
			Tremadocian	Tremadoc				Migneintian				477.7
				Tremadoc				Cressagian				480.8 *
												485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Niuchehean									Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian	Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian	Paibian										494
		Paibian	Paibian									Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Guzhangian									Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian	Drumian									Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan	Wuliuan/Taijangian										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Duyunian										509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Nangaoian										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Meishucunian										521
		Fortunian	Meishucunian										529
		Fortunian	Jinnigian										530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran												Vendian		538.8
		Cryogenian														635
		Tonian														720
		Tonian												Karatau		800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian												Karatau		1000
		Stenian												Yurmatian		1100
		Ectasian			1200									Yurmatian
		Ectasian			Burzyan	1375
																	1400