PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of Western Europe	Silurian of the Baltic	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian Ages of Europe	Permian of the Pamirs	Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene						0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				Late Pliocene						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene						5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene						7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene						11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene						13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene						15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene						33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene						37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene						41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene						56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian										72.1
		Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
		Aptian										113
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
		Kimmeridgian										149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian										168.2
		Aalenian										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
		Pliensbachian										184.2
		Sinemurian										192.9
		Hettangian										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
		Norian										208.5
		Carnian										227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian										247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan										251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Melekhovian			Dorashamian				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian	Zechstein					Dzhulfian				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Rotliegendes					Midian				259.51
		Wordian										264.28
					Noginskian							264.9 *
								Murgabian				266.2 *
		Roadian						Murgabian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian				273.01
					Pavlovoposadian			Kubergandian				276.8 *
								Bolorian				279.8
		Artinskian	Autunian					Bolorian				283.5
								Yakhtashian				286
					Rusavkinian			Yakhtashian				287.6 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian		303.7
					Khamovnikian		304.8
					Krevyakinian		305.8 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian		307
					Podolskian		308.9 *
					Kashirian		311.4 *
					Vereian		313.8
					Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian		315.2
					Cheremshanian		316.9 *
					Prikamian		318.6 *
					Severokeltmian		319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
					Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Zapaltjubian		323.2
					Protvian		324.4 *
					Steshevian		326.8 *
					Tarusian		329 *
		Visean			Venevian	330.9
					Mikhailovian	331.9 *
					Aleksinian	333.7 *
					Tulian	335.8 *
					Bobrikian	339.9 *
					Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian			Kosvian	346.7
					Kizelian	350.7 *
					Cherepetian	351.9 *
					Karakubian	354.4 *
					Upinian	356.3 *
					Malevkian	357.6 *
					Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli					Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian				Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian				Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula	Gleedonian	427.4
						Jaagarahu	Gleedonian	429.2 *
							Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian						430.5
		Sheinwoodian				Jaani		431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian				Jaani		433.4
		Telychian				Adavere		434 *
		Aeronian				Adavere		438.5
		Aeronian				Raikkula		439.4 *
		Rhuddanian				Raikkula		440.8
		Rhuddanian				Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
									Cautleyan	448.9 *
									Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan		451.5 *
									Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
			Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †						454.2 *
			Longvillian †							455.2 *
			Longvillian †						Aurelucian	456.8 *
			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian						Aurelucian	457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn					Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn		458.4
		Darriwilian						Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn		461.3 *
		Dapingian						Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn		467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig					Fennian		468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Fennian		470
								Whitlandian		471.1 *
								Moridunian		474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc					Migneintian		477.7
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc					Cressagian		480.8 *
												485 *