PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Carboniferous of China	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Central Paratethys Stages	Silurian of the Baltic	Permian of the Pamirs	Ordovician of Britain
Neogene	Miocene	Tortonian					Pannonian							7.246
		Serravallian					Sarmatian							11.63
		Serravallian					Badenian							12.8 *
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
		Bartonian												37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Ypresian												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Oteke	Puaroan								145
		Kimmeridgian			Oteke	Puaroan								149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan								150
						Heterian								154.5
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Callovian				Temaikan								164.3
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan								176
		Pliensbachian				Ururoan								184.2
		Pliensbachian				Aratauran								188.9
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Balfour	Otapirian								201.4
		Norian				Warepan								208.5
						Otamitan								217
						Oretian								221
		Carnian				Oretian								227
		Carnian			Gore	Kaihikuan								227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Kaihikuan								237
		Ladinian				Etalian								238
		Anisian				Etalian								242
		Anisian				Malakovian								246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Malakovian								247.2
		Olenekian				Nelsonian								249
		Induan				Nelsonian								251.2
		Induan			DUrville	Makarewan								251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan			Dorashamian					251.902
		Changhsingian				Waiitian			Dorashamian					253.2
		Wuchiapingian				Waiitian			Dzhulfian					254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Puruhauan			Dzhulfian					254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian			Midian					259.51
		Wordian				Flettian								264.28
						Barettian								266
			Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian	Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Kubergandian	273.01
			Kubergandian	Mangapirian		276
			Bolorian			279.8
		Artinskian				283.5
				Telfordian		285
			Yakhtashian	Telfordian		286
			Yakhtashian			288.5
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian	Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
						Huashibanian	318.5 *
						Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian				Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean				Shangsian	330.9
		Visean				Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian				Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli						Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian					Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian					Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian					Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani	433.4
		Telychian					Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian					Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian					Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian					Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian					Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
									Cautleyan	448.9 *
									Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan		451.5 *
									Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †		455.2 *
									Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
									Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian						Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Fennian			470
									Whitlandian			471.1 *
									Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian						Ungurian	Tremadoc			Migneintian	477.7
									Tremadoc			Cressagian	480.8 *
													485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Batyrbaian					485.4
		Jiangshanian						Batyrbaian					489.5
								Aksaian					490.7 *
				Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian		Sakian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian	Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian	Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan	Tuesaian	504.5
		Wuliuan		505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4		509
			Toyonian	510 *
			Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian	514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian	515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian	521
														525.5