PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

Show less time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of Britain				Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian Ages of Europe	Permian of the Pamirs
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									0
				Northgrippian									0.0042
				Greenlandian									0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene			0.0117
				Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene			0.129
				Calabrian						Early Pleistocene			0.774
				Gelasian						Early Pleistocene			1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Late Pliocene			2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean						Early Pliocene			3.6
			Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene			5.333
				Tortonian						Late Miocene			7.246
				Serravallian						Middle Miocene			11.63
				Langhian						Middle Miocene			13.82
				Burdigalian						Early Miocene			15.98
				Aquitanian						Early Miocene			20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene			23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian						Early Oligocene			27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene			33.9
				Bartonian						Middle Eocene			37.71
				Lutetian						Middle Eocene			41.2
				Ypresian						Early Eocene			47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene			56
				Selandian						Middle Paleocene			59.2
				Danian						Early Paleocene			61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
				Campanian									72.1
				Santonian									83.6
				Coniacian									86.3
				Turonian									89.8
				Cenomanian									93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
				Aptian									113
				Barremian									121.4
				Hauterivian									125.77
				Valanginian									132.6
				Berriasian									139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
				Kimmeridgian									149.2
				Oxfordian									154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
				Bathonian									165.3
				Bajocian									168.2
				Aalenian									170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
				Pliensbachian									184.2
				Sinemurian									192.9
				Hettangian									199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
				Norian									208.5
				Carnian									227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan									251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Melekhovian			Dorashamian	251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Dzhulfian	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian								Midian	259.51
				Wordian									264.28
									Noginskian				264.9 *
												Murgabian	266.2 *
				Roadian								Murgabian	266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kubergandian	273.01
									Pavlovoposadian			Kubergandian	276.8 *
												Bolorian	279.8
Artinskian				283.5								Bolorian
				Yakhtashian	286
				Yakhtashian	Rusavkinian	287.6 *
Sakmarian				Sakmarian		290.1
Asselian				Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
			Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian	303.7
					Khamovnikian	304.8
					Krevyakinian	305.8 *
			Moscovian		Myachkovian	307
					Podolskian	308.9 *
					Kashirian	311.4 *
					Vereian	313.8
					Melekessian	314.8
			Bashkirian		Melekessian	315.2
					Cheremshanian	316.9 *
					Prikamian	318.6 *
					Severokeltmian	319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
					Voznesenian	321.9 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian	323.2
					Protvian	324.4 *
					Steshevian	326.8 *
					Tarusian	329 *
			Visean		Venevian	330.9
					Mikhailovian	331.9 *
					Aleksinian	333.7 *
					Tulian	335.8 *
					Bobrikian	339.9 *
					Radaevkian	343.4 *
			Tournaisian		Kosvian	346.7
					Kizelian	350.7 *
					Cherepetian	351.9 *
					Karakubian	354.4 *
					Upinian	356.3 *
					Malevkian	357.6 *
					Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
			Pragian			407.6
			Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			Gleedonian	427.4
			Homerian			Whitwellian	429.7 *
			Sheinwoodian				430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
	Katian		Rawtheyan					445.2
			Cautleyan					448.9 *
			Pusgillian					449.3 *
			Caradoc				Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
							Cheneyan		451.5 *
							Burrellian		452.7 *
	Sandbian								453
								Actonian †	453.2 *
								Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
								Longvillian †		455.2 *
							Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
							Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn				Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Fennian			470
				Whitlandian			471.1 *
				Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
			Tremadoc	Cressagian			480.8 *
							485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					509
	Series 2	Stage 3					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									538.8
		Cryogenian									635
		Tonian									720
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian									1000
		Ectasian									1200
		Calymmian									1400
	Paleoproterozoic	Statherian									1600
		Orosirian									1800
		Rhyacian									2050
		Siderian									2300
Archean	Neoarchean										2500
	Mesoarchean										2800
	Paleoarchean										3200
	Eoarchean										3600
Hadean											4000
													4600