PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian Epochs	Permian of China	Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of China		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Ordovician of Britain
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Middle Jurassic	Bajocian							Epizigzagiceras					168.2
				Bajocian							Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense					168.4
				Aalenian							Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni					170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta					174.7
											Planulata					179.3 *
											Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi			179.8 *
											Kanense					181.3 *
											Carlottense					182.3 *
											Kunae					183.5 *
				Pliensbachian							Kunae					184.2
											Freboldi					185.1 *
											Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras				186.2 *
												Tetraspidoceras				189.2 *
											Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis				190.3 *
				Sinemurian												192.9
											Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras			196.4 *
											Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
				Hettangian							Franziceras/Euphyllites					199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
				Norian												208.5
				Carnian												227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian												247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan												251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian										251.902
				Changhsingian		Baoqingian										253.4 *
				Wuchiapingian		Laoshanian										254.14
				Wuchiapingian		Laibinian										257.7 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian		Lengwuan										259.51
				Wordian		Kuhfengian										264.28
				Roadian		Kuhfengian										266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian		Luodianian										273.01
				Artinskian		Luodianian										283.5
				Artinskian		Longlinian										285.4 *
				Sakmarian		Longlinian										290.1
				Asselian		Zisongian										293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Zisongian		Late Pennsylvanian								298.9
				Gzhelian												300.1
				Kasimovian												303.7
				Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian								307
				Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian								315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Late Mississippian								323.2
				Visean				Middle Mississippian								330.9
				Tournaisian				Early Mississippian								346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian												358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian												372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian												382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian												387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian												393.3
				Pragian												407.6
				Lochkovian												410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli													419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian												423
			Ludlow	Gorstian												425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian												427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian												430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian												433.4
				Aeronian												438.5
				Rhuddanian												440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
				Katian											Rawtheyan	445.2
															Cautleyan	448.9 *
															Pusgillian	449.3 *
Caradoc					Streffordian		Onnian †		449.6 *
					Cheneyan				451.5 *
					Burrellian				452.7 *
				Sandbian					453
							Actonian †		453.2 *
							Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
							Longvillian †			455.2 *
					Aurelucian		Longvillian †			456.8 *
					Aurelucian		Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
Middle Ordovician			Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					458.4
			Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
			Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					467.3
			Dapingian	Arenig	Fennian					468.4 *
Early Ordovician			Floian		Fennian					470
					Whitlandian					471.1 *
					Moridunian					474.3 *
			Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian					477.7
				Tremadoc	Cressagian					480.8 *
										485 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10							Late Cambrian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
			Jiangshanian								Jiangshanian		489.5
			Paibian								Paibian		494
			Paibian								Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Middle Cambrian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
			Drumian								Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
	Wuliuan		Wuliuan/Taijangian									504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Early Cambrian							Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3								Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian								Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian		530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran											Vendian		538.8
		Cryogenian													635
		Tonian													720
		Tonian											Karatau		800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian											Karatau		1000
		Stenian											Yurmatian		1100
		Ectasian											Yurmatian		1200
		Ectasian				Burzyan							1375
																1400