PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of China		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Nihewanian	Late Pleistocene					0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene					0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene					0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Yushean	Late Pliocene					2.58
		Zanclean			Yushean	Early Pliocene					3.6
		Zanclean			Baodean	Early Pliocene					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene					5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Tortonian			Tunggurian						11.1
		Serravallian			Tunggurian	Middle Miocene					11.63
		Langhian			Shanwangian	Middle Miocene					13.82
		Burdigalian			Shanwangian	Early Miocene					15.98
		Burdigalian			Xiejiaan						16.9
		Aquitanian			Xiejiaan						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene					33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene					37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene					41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene					56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan	445.2
				Cautleyan	448.9 *
				Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
				Cheneyan		451.5 *
				Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian				453
					Actonian †	453.2 *
					Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
					Longvillian †		455.2 *
				Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
				Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Fennian			470
				Whitlandian			471.1 *
				Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
			Tremadoc	Cressagian			480.8 *
							485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian					Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian					Paibian		494
		Paibian					Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian					Guzhangian		Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian					Drumian			500.5
		Wuliuan					Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Duyunian		Branchian	509
		Stage 3					Nangaoian		Branchian	514
		Stage 3					Nangaoian		Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Meishucunian			521
		Fortunian					Meishucunian			529
		Fortunian					Jinnigian			530.7
											538.8