PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian Subages	Ordovician of Australia	Ordovician of Britain
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Tertiary †								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan									145
		Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan									149.2
			Kawhia	Ohauan									150
				Heterian									154.5
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Callovian		Temaikan									164.3
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Toarcian	Herangi	Ururoan									176
		Pliensbachian		Ururoan									184.2
		Pliensbachian		Aratauran									188.9
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian									201.4
		Norian		Warepan									208.5
				Otamitan									217
				Oretian									221
		Carnian		Oretian									227
		Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan									227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan									237
		Ladinian		Etalian									238
		Anisian		Etalian									242
		Anisian		Malakovian									246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian									247.2
		Olenekian		Nelsonian									249
		Induan		Nelsonian									251.2
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan									251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan									251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian									253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian		Longtanian †							254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan		Longtanian †							254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian									259.51
		Wordian		Flettian			264.28
		Wordian		Barettian			266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian		Mangapirian			276
		Artinskian		Mangapirian			283.5
				Telfordian			285
							288.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Late Famennian		358.9
					Middle Famennian		365.3 *
					Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian			Late Frasnian		372.2
					Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
					Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Late Givetian		382.7
					Middle Givetian		383.7 *
					Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian			Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian			Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Late Emsian		393.3
		Emsian			Early Emsian		398.3 *
		Pragian			Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian			Late Lochkovian		410.8
					Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Bolindian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
									Cautleyan	448.9 *
							Eastonian		Cautleyan	449 *
									Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan		451.5 *
							Gisbornian		Cheneyan		452 *
									Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †		455.2 *
									Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
									Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian					Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian					Yapeenian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
							Yapeenian	Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
							Castlemainian					468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Chewtonian					470
						Whitlandian	Chewtonian		471.1 *
							Bendigonian		471.8 *
							Lancefieldian		473.5 *
						Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian				Tremadoc		Migneintian	477.7
								Cressagian	480.8 *
							Warendian	Cressagian	482.8 *
							Warendian		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †			497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †		504.5
													509