PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of China	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Precambrian of Russia	Ordovician of Australia	Ordovician of Britain
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
			Miocene	Messinian												5.333
				Tortonian												7.246
				Serravallian												11.63
				Langhian												13.82
				Burdigalian												15.98
				Aquitanian												20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian												27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
				Bartonian												37.71
				Lutetian												41.2
				Ypresian												47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian												56
				Selandian												59.2
				Danian												61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
				Campanian												72.1
				Santonian												83.6
				Coniacian												86.3
				Turonian												89.8
				Cenomanian												93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
				Aptian												113
				Barremian												121.4
				Hauterivian												125.77
				Valanginian												132.6
				Berriasian												139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
				Kimmeridgian												149.2
				Oxfordian												154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
				Bathonian												165.3
				Bajocian												168.2
				Aalenian												170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
				Pliensbachian												184.2
				Sinemurian												192.9
				Hettangian												199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
				Norian												208.5
				Carnian												227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian												247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan												251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian												251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †										254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian												259.51
				Wordian												264.28
				Roadian												266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian												273.01
				Artinskian												283.5
				Sakmarian												290.1
				Asselian												293.52
				Asselian					Kuzel							297.7
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												298.9
								Xiaodushanian								300 *
									Stephanian	Stephanian C						300.3 *
										Stephanian B						300.9 *
										Stephanian A						301.4 *
				Kasimovian						Stephanian A						303.7
										Cantabrian						305 *
Dalaun							305.8 *
				Moscovian			307
							Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
								Westphalian C	309.8
								Westphalian B	314.6
				Bashkirian				Westphalian B	315.2
								Westphalian A	317 *
Huashibanian								Westphalian A	318.5 *
							Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
								Marsdenian	320.2 *
Lousuan								Marsdenian	321.2 *
								Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
								Alportian	322 *
								Chokierian	323.1 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Dewunian				Chokierian	323.2
								Arnsbergian	324 *
								Pendleian	327.4 *
				Shangsian	330.8 *			Pendleian
			Visean	Shangsian	Warnantian		Brigantian †	330.9
				Jiusian	Warnantian		Brigantian †	335 *
					Livian		Asbian †	336.3 *
					Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
			Tournaisian	Tangbagouan	Ivorian			346.7
			Tournaisian	Tangbagouan	Hastarian			353.7 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
			Pragian					407.6
			Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian		Pridoli						419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
		Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
			Aeronian					438.5
			Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Bolindian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
			Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
										Cautleyan	448.9 *
								Eastonian		Cautleyan	449 *
										Pusgillian	449.3 *
									Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
										Cheneyan		451.5 *
								Gisbornian		Cheneyan		452 *
	Burrellian									452.7 *
			Sandbian							453
						Actonian †				453.2 *
						Marshbrookian †				Woolstonian †	454.2 *
						Longvillian †					455.2 *
	Aurelucian					Longvillian †					456.8 *
	Aurelucian					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian			Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian	Yapeenian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
			Yapeenian			Arenig		Fennian			468.4 *
			Castlemainian								468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian								470
			Chewtonian					Whitlandian			471.1 *
			Bendigonian								471.8 *
			Lancefieldian								473.5 *
								Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian				Tremadoc		Migneintian			477.7
								Cressagian			480.8 *
			Warendian					Cressagian			482.8 *
			Warendian								485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									485.4
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	497
		Drumian										500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											509
	Series 2	Stage 3											514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran												Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian													635
		Tonian													720
		Tonian												Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian												Karatau	1000
		Stenian												Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian												Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian												Burzyan	1375
																1400