PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126849 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of Australia	Ordovician of China			Ordovician of the Baltic
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian				Bolindian	Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Harju	Porkuni			443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †			Bolindian	Chientangkiangian				Pirgu			445.2
							Eastonian	Chientangkiangian							449 *
								Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							449.5
												Vormsi			449.6 *
			Berounian									Vormsi			449.7 *
												Nabala	Johvi †		450 *
											Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
							Gisbornian					Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian										Keila	Idavere †		453
												Haljala			453.9
					Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †						Haljala			456.2 *
												Kukruse			456.4 *
												Uhaku	Aluoja †		457.5 *
				Liben †											458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo						458.4
			Dobrotivian												458.5 *
			Dobrotivian									Lasnamagi			458.9 *
			Oretanian									Lasnamagi			459.7 *
												Aseri			460.4 *
				Sarka †								Aseri			461.7 *
											Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
													Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
									Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo					466.3 *
												Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian		Klabava †			Yapeenian	Dapingian							467.3
			Arenigian				Yapeenian								468
							Castlemainian								468.5 *
							Castlemainian					Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Chewtonian	Yiyangian							470
							Chewtonian						Latorp †		470.1 *
							Bendigonian								471.8 *
							Lancefieldian								473.5 *
												Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian					Xinchangian							477.7
										Lianghekou †					477.9 *
												Varangu			481.3 *
												Pakerort			482.2 *
							Warendian					Pakerort			482.8 *
															485.4 *
															486.3
															486.5