3.1 - 2.58 Ma

The definition of this interval in the timescale European Faunal Units is taken from the following source:

• F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

The bottom age has been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

There are intervals in 8 timescales which overlap this one. show

• International Chronostratigraphic Timescale: Pliocene epoch, Piacenzian age
• Cenozoic Subepochs: Late Pliocene subepoch
• European Faunal Zones: MN 16 zone
• Neogene Mammal Ages of China: Yushean age
• North American Land Mammal Ages: Blancan age
• North American Mammal Subages/Zones: Rexroadian subage, Senecan subage
• South American Land Mammal Ages: Uquian age, Vorohuean age, Chapadmalalan age
• Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand: Waipipian age, Mangapanian age, Wanganui epoch

This interval is used in the definition of 114 collections

A total of 1336 collections with 19485 occurrences lie within this time span