International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cambrian of China | Cambrian Epochs | Cambrian of North America | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Niuchehean | Taoyuanian † | Late Cambrian | Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan | 485.4 | ||||||
Sunwaptan | 487.5 | ||||||||||||
Jiangshanian | Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||||
Steptoean | 493 * | ||||||||||||
Paibian | Paibian | 494 | |||||||||||
Waergangian †/Youshuanian | 494.9 * | ||||||||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Guzhangian | Wangcunian † | Middle Cambrian | Marjumian | Albertian † | 497 | ||||||
Drumian | Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||||
Wuliuan | Wuliuan/Taijangian | Topazan | 504.5 | ||||||||||
Delamaran | 506.5 | ||||||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | Duyunian | Early Cambrian | Waucoban † | 509 | ||||||||
Dyeran | 511 * | ||||||||||||
Stage 3 | Nangaoian | 514 | |||||||||||
Montezuman | 514.8 * | ||||||||||||
Begadean | 519.9 * | ||||||||||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | Meishucunian | 521 | ||||||||||
Fortunian | 529 | ||||||||||||
Jinnigian | 530.7 | ||||||||||||
538.8 |