International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
  • J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
  • D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
  • B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleOrdovician of North AmericaObsolete Names for ICS UnitsCambrian of SiberiaOrdovician of the BalticCambrian of KazakhstanCambrian of North America
462.9
470
482
482.2
CambrianFurongianStage 10IbexianSkullrockianBatyrbaianTavgian †Ketyan †/YurakianOelandPakerortBatyrbaianFranconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan485.4 *
486.3 *
486.5
Sunwaptan487.5
Jiangshanian489.5
AksaianAksaian490.7 *
SakianSakian492.2 *
Steptoean493 *
Paibian494
Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian494.7 *
MiaolingianGuzhangianSeries 3 †AyusokkanianAyusokkanianMarjumianAlbertian †497
Mayan/Menevian499.5
DrumianZhanaarykian500.5
Tuesaian503
WuliuanStage 5 †Amgan/SolvanTopazan504.5
505.3
Delamaran506.5
Series 2Stage 4Waucoban †509
ToyonianLenian †Toyonian510 *
Dyeran511 *
BotomianBotomian512.5 *
Stage 3514
Montezuman514.8 *
AtdabanianAtdabanian515.6 *
Begadean519.9 *
TerreneuvianStage 2TommotianTommotian521
Nemakit-Daldynian525.5
FortunianManykaian †529
538.8