Where: Panamá, Panama (8.3° N, 79.1° W: paleocoordinates 8.2° N, 79.0° W)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.0 Ma)

Environment/lithology: marine; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: "Although the locality information does not specify that the fossils were recovered by fisherman, the two MCNP teeth from Isla de San José were collected underwater in a marine environment based on the presence of marine epiphytic invertebrates adhering to the ventral surface of each tooth, including oysters, gastropods, small solitary corals, and bryozoans. The occurrence of the marine epiphytes only on the ventral or underside of the tooth (the roots are broken away) suggests that the teeth were both resting with the occlusal or crown surface facing down on the sea floor. The teeth are a grayish black in color and are heavily mineralized, whereas the attached invertebrates are white and appear to be modern, not fossil."

Primary reference: G.S. Morgan, B.J. MacFadden, and M. Martinez. 2016. Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the continental shelf, Pearl Islands, Panama. Quaternary International 392:335-348 [M. Uhen/J. Bryant/J. Bryant]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 189386: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Jeffrey Bryant on 14.10.2017

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)