Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Craniata

Discussion

Original taxonomic rank is not given in the reference.

Taxonomy
Craniata was named by Linnaeus (1758) [really?]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Heimberg et al. (2010).

It was synonymized objectively with Vertebrata by Heimberg et al. (2010); it was reranked as the subphylum Craniata by Edgecombe et al. (2011) and Zhang (2011).

It was assigned to Cephalochordata by Zhang (2011); to Olfactores by Edgecombe et al. (2011); to Chordata by Nelson et al. (2016); and to Chordata by Van Der Laan (2019).

Synonyms
  • Coluber arcuatus was named by von Meyer (1845). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Öhningen, which is in a MN 7 + 8 lacustrine limestone in the Upper Freshwater Molasse Formation of Germany.

    It was considered a nomen dubium by Szyndlar (1997).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Craniata Linnaeus
1845Coluber arcuatus von Meyer p. 42 figs. 5 pl. 2
1984Coluber arcuatus Rage p. 43
2011Craniata Edgecombe et al. p. 153 figs. Fig. 1
2011Craniata Zhang
2016Craniata Nelson et al. p. 18
2019Craniata Van Der Laan p. 15

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
RankNameAuthor
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumCraniata
subphylumCraniata

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subph. Craniata Linnaeus 1758
show all | hide all
hide
Invalid names: Myllokunmingiidae Shu 2003 [empty]
hide
Invalid names: Myxini Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Supercl. †Pteraspidomorphi Goodrich 1909 [jawless fish]
hide
G. †Dipnoides
+
+
Cometicercus talimaaae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
Drepanolepis maerssae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
Furcacauda fredholmae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Furcacauda heintzae Dineley and Loeffler 1976
+
Sphenonectris tumeme Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
Subcl. †Arandaspida Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
+
Fm. †Arandaspididae Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
+
G. †Arandaspis Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
G. †Porophoraspis Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
Or. †Arandaspidiformes Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
+
Invalid names: Porophoraspidae Halstead 1993 [empty]
Fm. †Aseraspididae Halstead 1993
+
G. †Aseraspis Dineley and Loeffler 1976
Subcl. †Astraspida Berg 1940
+
Or. †Astrapidiformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Astraspididae Eastman 1917
Or. †Astraspidiformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Eriptychiidae Tarlo 1962
G. †Eriptychius Walcott 1892
Fm. †Oniscolepididae Marss and Karatajue-Talimaa 2009
Fm. †Tesakoviaspididae Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2004
Subcl. †Heterostraci Lankester 1868
+
Or. †Amphiaspidiformes Novitskaya 2008
+
G. †Putoranaspis Obruchev 1964
G. †Aporemaspis Elliot and Loeffler 1989
+
Aporemaspis pholidata Elliot and Loeffler 1989
Fm. †Ariaspididae Elliott and Swift 2010
+
G. †Ariaspis Denison 1963
Fm. †Cardipeltidae Bryant 1933
+
G. †Cardipeltis Branson and Mehl 1931
+
Fm. †Corvaspididae Dineley 1953
Subor. †Cyathaspida Kiaer 1932
+
Unr. †Cyathaspidei Kiaer 1932
G. †Homalaspidella Strand 1934
G. †Irregulareaspis Zych 1931
Unr. †Poraspidei Kiaer 1932
Fm. †Cyathaspididae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Archegonaspis Jaekel 1927
Subfm. †Boothiaspidinae Elliott 2016
G. †Dikenaspis Denison 1963
G. †Eoarchegonaspis Kiaer 1932
Subfm. †Poraspidinae Kiaer 1932
G. †Ptomaspis Denison 1963
Or. †Cyathaspidiformes Kaier 1930
+
Subor. †Cyathaspidoidei
Or. †Lepidaspidiformes Halstead 1993
+
Fm. †Lepidaspididae Halstead 1993
Fm. †Protaspidae Bryant 1933
+
G. †Eucyrtaspis White and Moy-Thomas 1940
+
Invalid names: Cyrtaspis Bryant 1932 [replaced]
G. †Psammolepis Agassiz 1843
Or. †Psammosteiformes Berg 1937
+
Fm. †Pycnosteidae Tarlo 1962
Or. †Pteraspidiformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Anchipteraspididae Elliott 1984
Fm. †Protopteraspididae Novitskaya 1983
Fm. †Pteraspididae Claypole 1885
Subor. †Pteraspidoidei Janvier 1996
G. †Strosipherus Pander 1856
+
Fm. †Natlaspididae Halstead 1993
Fm. †Tesseraspididae Berg 1955
+
G. †Dasylepis Pander 1856
G. †Dictyolepis Pander 1856
G. †Gomphodus Pander 1856
G. †Lanarkia
G. †Melittomalepis Pander 1856
G. †Pachylepis Pander 1856
G. †Prionacanthus Pander 1856
G. †Schediosteus Pander 1856
G. †Spirodus Kade 1858
G. †Thelolepis Pander 1856
+
Fm. †Tolypelepididae Strand 1934
Or. †Traquairaspidiformes Stensio 1958
+
Fm. †Weigeltaspidae Berg 1940
Invalid names: Phialaspididae White 1946 [empty]
Invalid names: Cardipeltida [empty], Cardipeltiformes Bryant 1933 [empty], Ceraspidae [empty], Corvaspidida [empty], Drepanaspidae [empty], Lepidaspidida [empty], Olbiaspidida Obruchev 1964 [empty], Palaeaspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pteraspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Tesseraspidida [empty], Tolypelepidida [empty], Traquairaspidida Stensio 1958 [empty]
Invalid names: Diplorhina [synonym]
+
G. †Archodus
G. †Athenaegis Soehn and Wilson 1990
+
Athenaegis chattertoni Soehn and Wilson 1990
G. †Dyreaspis
G. †Gunaspis
G. †Liliaspis
G. †Obliaspis Obruchev 1964
G. †Palaeodus
G. †Pelaspis
G. †Pionaspis
G. †Pycnaspis
+
Pycnaspis splendens Orvig 1958
G. †Schizosteus Obruchev 1940
G. †Yoglinia
G. †Sigurdia
G. †Tylodus
Invalid names: Pteraspidida Kaier 1932 [empty]
Supercl. †Thelodontida
hide
Fm. †Coelolepidae Pander 1856
+
G. †Larolepis Sansom and Elliott 2002
+
Larolepis darbyi Sansom and Elliott 2002
G. †Thelodus Agassiz 1839
+
Thelodus calvus Marss and Karatajute-Talimaa 2002
Thelodus hoskinsi Giffin 1979
Thelodus laevis Pander 1856
Thelodus parvidens Agassiz 1839
Thelodus scoticus Traquair 1898
Thelodus trilobatus Hoppe 1931
G. †Turinia Traquair 1896
+
Turinia pagei Powrie 1870
+
Invalid names: Cephalopterus pagei Powrie 1870 [synonym]
Turinia polita Karatajute-Talimaa 1978
Invalid names: Palaeodontidae Obruchev 1964 [empty], Turiniidae Obruchev 1964 [empty]
Invalid names: Coluber arcuatus von Meyer 1845 [nomen dubium], Conodontomorpha [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatitesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2007-09-27 04:49:26
Modified: 2017-03-09 14:07:44
Source: subp = subphylum, p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tommotian to the top of the Holocene or 525.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 512.9 Ma

Collections (277 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Tommotian - Botomian525.5 - 512.9China (Hubei) Conodontomorpha indet. (10500)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0Australia (Northern Territory) Arandaspis prionotolepis (90386) Porophoraspis crenulata, Arandaspis prionotolepis (90382)
Bendigonian474.9 - 473.1Australia (Northern Territory) Porophoraspis sp. (90417)
Dapingian - Darriwilian470.0 - 458.4Oman Sacabambaspis sp. (90376)
Llanvirn468.0 - 458.4Australia (Northern Territory) Arandaspis sp., Porophoraspis sp. (90420)
Llanvirn468.0 - 458.4Australia (New South Wales) Arandaspis sp. (90375)
Darriwilian467.3 - 458.4Australia (Northern Territory) Sacabambaspis sp. (90418)
Darriwilian467.3 - 458.4Oman Sacabambaspis sp. (90377)
Early/Lower Llandeilo466.0 - 460.9Argentina Sacabambaspis janvieri (8868)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Bolivia (Punata) Sacabambaspis janvieri (210981)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Bolivia Sacabambaspis janvieri (90387 90478 210982)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5USA (Colorado) Astraspis desiderata, Astraspis splendens, Eriptychius americanus (10380)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Australia (Northern Territory) Sacabambaspis sp. (90419)
Franklinian457.3 - 449.6Canada (Ontario) Astraspis desiderata (90403 90404 90405 90406 90407 90408 90410 90411 90412) Eriptychius sp., Astraspis desiderata (90409) Eriptychius sp., Astraspis desiderata, Larolepis darbyi (90381)
Franklinian457.3 - 449.6USA (Colorado) Astraspis desiderata (155772) Astraspis desiderata, Eriptychius americanus (155756)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5USA (Wyoming) Astraspis desiderata, Eriptychius americanus (65239)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2Canada (Yukon) Ariaspis ornata, Vernonaspis major, Ptomaspis canadensis, Dikenaspis yukonensis, Homalaspidella borealis, Traquairaspis angusta (185831)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2USA (Pennsylvania) Vernonaspis sp. (12763)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2United Kingdom (England) Thelodontida indet. (22720 22721)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2United Kingdom (england) Thelodontida indet. (22722)