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Acharax
Taxonomy
Acharax was named by Dall (1908) [Sepkoski's age data: P Leon R Sepkoski's reference number: 977]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Solemya (Acharax) by Woodring (1938), Kuroda (1948) and Natori (1964).
It was assigned to Solemyacidae by Olsson (1931); to Solemya by Woodring (1938), Kuroda (1948) and Natori (1964); to Solemyoida by Sepkoski (2002); to Acharacidae by Bouchet et al. (2010); to Solemyidae by Vokes (1980), Moore (1983), Moore (1984), Coan et al. (2000), Spencer et al. (2004), Huber (2010), Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012), Kaim et al. (2014) and Kiel and Taviana (2018); and to Solemyinae by Bailey (2021).
It was reranked as Solemya (Acharax) by Woodring (1938), Kuroda (1948) and Natori (1964).
It was assigned to Solemyacidae by Olsson (1931); to Solemya by Woodring (1938), Kuroda (1948) and Natori (1964); to Solemyoida by Sepkoski (2002); to Acharacidae by Bouchet et al. (2010); to Solemyidae by Vokes (1980), Moore (1983), Moore (1984), Coan et al. (2000), Spencer et al. (2004), Huber (2010), Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012), Kaim et al. (2014) and Kiel and Taviana (2018); and to Solemyinae by Bailey (2021).
Species
A. (Nacrosolemya), A. belenensis, A. clarificata, A. costellata, A. cylindrica, A. doderleini, A. dunnensis, A. frenademezi, A. herberti (syn. Janacekia leosi, Janacekia mariae, Janacekia talboti), A. holmwoodensis, A. incertis, A. johnsoni (syn. Solemya agassizii, Solemya tokunagai, Solemya (Acharax) tibai), A. normalis (syn. Solemya phillipsiana), A. parallela, A. petschorica, A. primaeva (syn. Solemya puzosiana, Sanguinolites radiatus), A. radiata, A. solikamica, A. stantoni (syn. Solemya occidentalis), A. ventricosa, Solemya (Acharax) burica, Solemya (Acharax) muroensis
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1908 | Acharax Dall |
| 1931 | Acharax Olsson p. 31 |
| 1938 | Solemya (Acharax) Woodring p. 27 |
| 1948 | Solemya (Acharax) Kuroda p. 29 |
| 1964 | Solemya (Acharax) Natori p. 249 |
| 1978 | Janacekia Růžička and Řehoř |
| 1980 | Acharax Vokes p. 8 |
| 1983 | Acharax Moore p. A30 |
| 1984 | Acharax Moore p. 25 |
| 2000 | Acharax Coan et al. p. 66 |
| 2002 | Acharax Sepkoski |
| 2004 | Acharax Spencer et al. |
| 2010 | Acharax Bouchet et al. |
| 2010 | Janacekia Bouchet et al. |
| 2010 | Acharax Huber p. 90 |
| 2012 | Acharax Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 52 |
| 2014 | Acharax Kaim et al. p. 423 |
| 2018 | Acharax Kiel and Taviana |
| 2021 | Acharax Bailey p. 26 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Acharax Dall 1908
show all | hide all
†Acharax belenensis Olsson 1931
Acharax clarificata Dell 1995
†Acharax costellata M'Coy 1844
†Acharax cylindrica Hind 1907
†Acharax doderleini Mayer 1861
†Acharax dunnensis Palmer 1923
†Acharax frenademezi Prinoth and Posenato 2023
†Acharax herberti Růžička 1978
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Invalid names: Janacekia leosi Růžička 1978 [synonym], Janacekia mariae Růžička 1978 [synonym], Janacekia talboti Růžička 1978 [synonym]
†Acharax holmwoodensis Dickins 1963
†Acharax incertis Dickins 1999
Acharax johnsoni Dall 1891
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Invalid names: Solemya (Acharax) tibai Kuroda 1948 [synonym], Solemya agassizii Dall 1908 [synonym], Solemya tokunagai Yokoyama 1925 [synonym]
†Acharax parallela Beede and Rogers 1899
†Acharax petschorica Guskov 1984
†Acharax primaeva Phillips 1836
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Invalid names: Sanguinolites radiatus M'Coy 1844 [synonym], Solemya puzosiana de Koninck 1842 [synonym]
†Acharax radiata Meek and Worthen 1860
†Acharax solikamica Muromtseva 1981
†Acharax ventricosa Conrad 1849
†Solemya (Acharax) burica Olsson 1942
†Solemya (Acharax) muroensis Natori 1964
Invalid names: Janacekia Růžička 1978 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | minimum | maximum | median | s.d. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| shell height | 7 | 20.8 | 15.0 | 28.0 | 23.0 | 5.38 | |
| valve height | 8 | 17.1 | 6.40 | 29.0 | 18.0 | 7.69 |
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| Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Brigantian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 336.00000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 335.2 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 335.2 Ma
Collections (102 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jiusian | China (Guangdong) | Solemya primaeva (55698) | |
| Brigantian | United Kingdom (England) | Sanguinolites costellatus (162351) | |
| Pendleian | United Kingdom (England) | Sanguinolites costellatus (162352) | |
| Kashirian - Myachkovian | USA (New Mexico) | Solemya radiata (46548) | |
| Desmoinesian | USA (Missouri) | Solemya radiata (70256 70272 70298 70382) Solemya radiata, Solemya trapezoides (70255 70296 70381) Solemya trapezoides (70274) | |
| Kasimovian | USA (New Mexico) | Solemya radiata, Solemya trapezoides (41988) | |
| Missourian | USA (Maryland) | Solemya trapezoides (118828) | |
| Missourian | USA (Ohio) | Solenomya radiata (175190) | |
| Missourian | USA (New Mexico) | Solemya trapezoides (50767) | |
| Virgilian | USA (Illinois) | Solemya trapezoides (50219) | |
| Virgilian | USA (Maryland) | Solemya radiata, Solemya trapezoides (118827) | |
| Virgilian | USA (New Mexico) | Solemya radiata (156687) | |
| Virgilian | USA (Ohio) | Solenomya radiata (71993) | |
| Gzhelian - Asselian | Russian Federation | Solemya holmwoodensis (202199) | |
| Sakmarian | Australia (Western Australia) | Solemya holmwoodensis (107350) | |
| Sakmarian | USA (New Mexico) | Solemya radiata (39154 39155) | |
| Kungurian | Russian Federation | Solemya biarmica (114171) Solemya petschorica (114173) Solemya solikamica (97001 109935) | |
| Roadian | USA (Arizona) | Solemya parallella (39999 40001) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation | Solemya solikamica (87303 114384) | |
| Wordian | Russian Federation | Janeia normalis (197762) | |
| Wordian | Oman | Janeia incertis (105707 105709) | |
| Wuchiapingian | China (Hunan) | Solemya holmwoodensis (101951) | |
| Wuchiapingian | United Kingdom | Solenimya normalis (130870) | |
| Wuchiapingian | United Kingdom (England) | Janeia normalis (88656 112852 112855) Janeia phillipsiana (130765) Solemya normalis (110500) | |
| Changhsingian | Italy | A. frenademezi (230025 230026 230037 230054) | |
| Tithonian | USA (California) | Solenomya occidentalis (151980) | |
| Middle Tithonian - Late/Upper Tithonian | USA (California) | A. stantoni (151966) | |
| Valanginian | USA (California) | A. stantoni (151968 151971) | |
| Hauterivian | USA (California) | Solemya stantoni (151969) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | USA (California) | A. stantoni (177720) | |
| Albian | USA (California) | A. stantoni (151965) | |
| Albian | Japan (Hokkaido) | A. mikasaensis (116906) | |
| Campanian | Japan (Hokkaido) | A. cretacea (117147) | |
| Ypresian | USA (California) | Solemya dunnensis (201621) | |
| Lutetian | USA (Washington) | A. sp. (172001 172002) | |
| Lutetian - Bartonian | Russian Federation | A. tigilensis (50051) | |
| Lutetian - Priabonian | Russian Federation | A. johnsoni (50140) | |
| Bartonian - Priabonian | Russian Federation | A. tigilensis (50040) | |
| Priabonian | Peru | Solemya belenensis (58685) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Oregon) | Solemya willapaensis (126108) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene | Japan | A. sp. (191323) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Alaska) | Solemya sp. (192230) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Washington) | A. sp. (193971) | |
| Rupelian | Japan | A. sp. (191320) | |
| Rupelian | Russian Federation | A. subventricosa, A. johnsoni (49980) | |
| Rupelian | USA (Washington) | A. sp. (206068 206070) | |
| Rupelian | USA (Oregon) | A. sp. (201481) | |
| Oligocene | Russian Federation | A. bosoanum (50122) | |
| Rupelian - Aquitanian | Russian Federation | A. johnsoni (50079) | |
| Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Japan (Wakayama) | Solemya muroensis (205008) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Russian Federation | A. johnsoni (70521) | |
| Chattian | USA (Washington) | A. sp. (56871 91619 206066) | |
| Aquitanian | Japan (Hokkaido) | A. tokunagai (219254) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Russian Federation | A. johnsoni (70560) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Japan | A. sp. (70356) Solemya tokunagai (57692 173019) | |
| Miocene | Italy (Emilia-Romagna) | A. subquadrata, A. sp., A. doderleini (134071) | |
| Burdigalian | Slovakia | Solemya doderleini (160736) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Oregon) | Solemya ventricosa (39584) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | USA (Oregon) | Solemya ventricosa (39591) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Niigata) | Solemya tokunagai (59181) | |
| Langhian | Japan | A. tokunagai (44961) | |
| Langhian - Tortonian | Russian Federation | A. gigas, A. johnsoni (50048) | |
| Badenian | Slovakia | Solemya doderleini (73135) | |
| Tortonian | Japan (Tochigi) | Solemya tokunagai (234280) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Russian Federation | A. johnsoni (70519 70567) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Japan (Fukushima) | Solemya tokunagai (62296) | |
| Zanclean | Italy | A. doderleini (194847) | |
| Zanclean | Japan (Shizuoka) | Solemya johnsoni, Solemya johnsoni (179927) | |
| Pliocene | Italy | A. doderleini (48654) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | Solemya ventricosa (96885) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Japan (Fukushima) | Solemya tokunagai (62295) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Costa Rica | Solemya burica (66797) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | A. johnsoni (200653) |