Hagnocrinus-Luxocrinus Assoc., Welton Member, Eastern Iowa (Silurian to of the United States)

Where: Iowa (42.5° N, 90.9° W: paleocoordinates 21.0° S, 55.1° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Welton Member (Scotch Grove Formation), Telychian to Telychian (438.5 - 430.5 Ma)

• "Late Llandovery (C5) to Early Wenlock"

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deep subtidal ramp; dolomitic, shelly/skeletal wackestone and dolomitic, shelly/skeletal packstone

• "Many echinoderms and brachiopods preserved articulated, but camerate calicses almost always have lost thearms and stems. Large and unabraded debris common, only rarely winnowed. Crinoid root systems uncommon...[Trilobites and bryozoans generally not complete.]...Wave activity was likely limited, i.e. below normal wave base and only rarely subject to storm winnowing. A shallow-middle BA 4 position appears likely."

•SEP environmental call based on given description and same vol. page 807.

• "The most common lithology is flat-bedded, porous, noncherty, skeletal-moldic (generally crinoid-moldic) dolowackestone but some dolopackstone is included locally."

Collection methods: Includes material from type locality (table 45.29, which gives abundances for echinoderms, trilobites, and brachiopods), as well as other taxa mentioned in text. Brachiopods are said to be essentially the same as for the Costistricklandia castellana-Eospirifer Community of Witzke and Johnson (PBDB coll. 24963), but these are not duplicate collections.

Primary reference: T. J. Frest, C. E. Brett, and B. J. Witzke. 1999. Caradocian-Gedinnian echinoderm associations of Central and Eastern North America. Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 638-783 [M. Foote/K. Koverman/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 26768: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 30.10.2002

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Only 14 brachiopods are listed by authors, although they state that some 30 genera are present. (See collection comments.)
Crinoidea
 Monobathrida - Marsupiocrinidae
 Monobathrida - Periechocrinidae
 Monobathrida - Hirneacrinidae
Hagnocrinus sp. Frest and Strimple 1977 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Hapalocrinidae
Lyonicrinus sp. Springer 1926 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Eucalyptocrinitidae
 Monobathrida - Patelliocrinidae
 Diplobathrida - Rhodocrinitidae
 Diplobathrida - Lampterocrinidae
 Diplobathrida - Dimerocrinitidae
 Cyathocrinida - Cyathocrinitidae
Cyathocrinites sp. Miller 1821 Sea lily
Bryozoa
  -
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Craniata
 Trimerellida - Trimerellidae
Dinobolus sp. Hall 1871
Chileata
 Dictyonellida - Eichwaldiidae
"Dictyonella sp." = Eodictyonella
"Dictyonella sp." = Eodictyonella Wright 1994
Rhynchonellata
 Pentamerida - Camerellidae
Camerella sp. Billings 1859
 Pentamerida - Stricklandiidae
 Pentamerida - Clorindidae
Antirhynchonella sp. Oehlert 1887
 Rhynchonellida - Machaerariidae
Ferganella sp. Nikiforova 1937
 Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Isorthis sp. Kozlowski 1929
 Athyridida - Nucleospiridae
 Athyridida - Meristellidae
Meristina sp. Hall 1867
 Atrypida - Atrypidae
Plectatrypa sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1930
Atrypa "reticularis" Linnaeus 1758
 Spiriferida - Cyrtiidae
"Cyrtia exporrecta" = Cyrtia exporrectus, Eospirifer sp.
"Cyrtia exporrecta" = Cyrtia exporrectus Wahlenberg 1818
Eospirifer sp. Schuchert 1913
Strophomenata
 Strophomenida - Leptostrophiidae
Bivalvia
  -
"Pelecypoda indet." = Bivalvia
"Pelecypoda indet." = Bivalvia Linnaeus 1758 clam
Rostroconchia
  -
Rostroconchia indet. Pojeta et al. 1972
Cephalopoda
 Nautiloidea -
Nautiloidea indet. Agassiz 1847 nautiloid
Gastropoda
  -
Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795 snail
Trilobita
 Corynexochida - Illaenidae
Illaenidae "indet. 1" Hawle and Corda 1847 trilobite
listed as "illaenid n. gen. n. sp."
Illaenidae "indet. 2" Hawle and Corda 1847 trilobite
listed as "illaenid"
 Corynexochida - Styginidae
Opoa sp. Lane 1972 trilobite
 Lichida - Lichidae
Arctinurus sp. Castelnau 1843 trilobite
Anthozoa
 Rugosa -
Rugosa indet. horn coral
 Cystiphyllida - Palaeocyclidae
Palaeocyclus sp. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849 horn coral
 Favositida - Alveolitidae
Alveolites sp. Lamarck 1801 tabulate coral
 Favositida - Favositidae
Favosites sp. Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
 Auloporida - Syringoporidae
Syringopora sp. Goldfuss 1826 tabulate coral
 Heliolitida - Halysitidae
Halysites sp. von Waldheim 1813 tabulate coral