Betfia 7 level 1a (Pleistocene of Romania)

Also known as Betfia VII/1a, Somleu Hill

Where: Romania (47.0° N, 22.0° E: paleocoordinates 46.9° N, 22.0° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Early/Lower Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• Site overview: The site of Betfia 7 has a height of 8m and encompasses four complexes of layers. The first three of these represent the filling of a former cave, containing numerous fragments of speleotherms and the last is made up of loess-like deposits, accumulated in subaerial conditions. Level 1a is the basal complex in the cave fillings, and contains cracked stones. This level contains Lemmus and has been referred to a cooling phase, probably contemporaneous with the middle Waalian. (= Middle Lower Pleistocene, approx. 1.3Ma).

Environment/lithology: cave

• Level 1a is the basal complex in the cave fillings, containing speleotherm fragments and cracked stones.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: bulk,

• sites discovered between 1966 and 1991 and excavated by the Bucharest Speleological Institute and the "Tarii Crisurilor" Museum of Oradea.

Primary reference: E. Terzea. 1996. Biochronology of the Pleistocene deposits at Betfia (Bihor, Romania). Acta Zoologica Cracovensia 39(1):531-540 [A. Behrensmeyer/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 32198: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 10.06.2003

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Chiroptera -
Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779 bat
 Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
Ochotona sp. Link 1795 pika
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Cricetus cricetus Linnaeus 1758 European hamster
Cricetus cricetus praeglacialis
"Clethrionomys sp." = Myodes Pallas 1811 vole
"Microtus pliocaenicus" = Allophaiomys pliocaenicus Kormos 1932 vole
Microtus (A.) pliocaenicus pliocaenicus
Lemmus aff. lemmus Linnaeus 1758 Norway lemming
 Rodentia - Zapodidae
Sicista praeloriger Kormos 1930 birch mouse
 Rodentia - Muridae
Apodemus sp. Kaup 1829 Eurasian field mouse
Apodemus gr. sylvaticus sp.
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Glis sackdillingensis Heller 1930 dormouse
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Marmota sp. Frisch 1775 marmot
Spermophilus primigenius ground squirrel
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustela praenivalis, "Gulo schlosseri" = Gulo gulo
Mustela praenivalis Kormos 1934 weasel
"Gulo schlosseri" = Gulo gulo Linnaeus 1758 wolverine
 Soricomorpha - Soricidae
Beremendia fissidens Petényi 1864 shrew
Sorex ex gr. minutus Linnaeus 1766 Eurasian pygmy shrew
Sorex gr. minutus