PBDB Collection

Quebrada Honda (Miocene of Bolivia)

Also known as B-07-17

Where: Tarija, Bolivia (22.0° S, 65.4° W: paleocoordinates 22.3° S, 62.2° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Honda Group, Laventan (13.8 - 11.0 Ma)

• The formation is apparently unnamed. MacFadden et al., indicate that the locality is constrained by 40K/40Ar ages of 12.83 ± 0.11 Ma and 11.96 ± 0.11 Ma, and that the local magnetostratigraphy is correlated to chrons C5AA through C5A on the MPTS. The extrapolated age for the fossil mammals (based on paleomag) is 13.0 to 12.7 Ma = Laventan SALMA. Although specific statigraphic data were taken for the specimens collected by MacFadden and Wolff, these data were not provided in the publication. MacFadden et al. (1990) indicate that most of the fossil mammals come from a zone "between about 25 to 82 m within our composite measured section."

•(From Brandoni et al., 2018): MacFadden et al. (1990) correlated the two basalmost local paleomagnetic zones of the Quebrada Honda outcrops – from which most fossils derive – to C5AAn and C5Ar.3r of the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS), resulting in an extrapolated age of ca.13.0–12.7 Ma. This corresponds to a slightly older interval (13.2–12.9 Ma) within the Serravallian Age (13.8–11.6 Ma; Gradstein et al. 2012) based on the most recent iteration ofthe GPTS (Ogg 2012).

•Townsend and Croft 2010: 11.96 ± 0.11 Ma to 12.83 ± 0.11 Ma (refs: Croft et al. 2004, 2007; MacFadden et al. 1990)

•McGrath, et al. 2020: These strata lie below the tuff dated by MacFadden et al. (1990) at 12.83 ± 0.11 Ma.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial; silty, calcareous claystone and silty, sandy siliciclastic

• Its paleoenvironment has been reconstructed as a flooded grassland or savanna with mean annual precipitation of ca. 900–1,000 mm (Catena et al. 2017; Catena and Croft 2020).

• (From MacFadden and Wolff, 1981) "The section at Quebrada Honda is divisible into three major parts which appear to represent different environments of deposition. The first, or basal portion (lower quarter of section), consists primarily of extremely fossiliferous reddish-brown silty clays, silts, and sands. The majority of the fossils collected during 1978 cane from this part of the stratigraphic section. Near the edges of the Tertiary valley the silts and clays rest upon a basal breccia conglomerate formed by slope wash from the surrounding hills. This breccia conglomerate does not extend far toward the center of the basin;, where the silts and clays rest on the Paleozoic basement. The middle half of the section consists of slightly fossiliferous silty clays and numerous well-indurated calcareous zones that form prominent ledges and cliffs. The third portion (upper quarter) of the section consists of reddish-brown and yellowish-green clays and clay silts, zones of channel sands, gravels, and conglomerates. Quaternary deposits rest unconformably upon the Tertiary sediments at the top of the section. The uppermost Tertiary sediments yielded only rare bone fragments, and exposures are uncommon and difficult to work. Sixty-two paleomagnetic sites, each consisting of at least 3 separately-oriented hand samples, were collected from the finer-grained sediments in Sections 1 and 2 at Quebrada Honda (Fig. 2; stratigraphic separation between superposed sites averages 4-5 m. These samples are presently being analysed at the University of Florida Paleomagnetic Laboratory. The relatively thick stratigraphic section and closely spaced paleomagnetic sampling provides an excellent potential for establishing the age of the Quebrada Honda sequence by calibration to the Magnetic Polarity Time Scale. At least 8 ashes crop out in the Quebrada Honda sequence. Most of these appear to be sub-aerial deposits. Bulk ash samples (about 50 kg) were collected from Section 1, Unit 9 and Section 2, Unit 17. Preliminary laboratory examination of these samples demonstrates that (particularly Section 2, Unit 17), they have significant quantities of glass and zircons that would be datable by the fission-track method. In addition, hand samples of the other 6 ashes were collected in order to determine which of these are also potentially datable."

•From MacFadden et al., (1990): "These sections consist of about 300 m of principally fine-grained fluviatile sediments with predominant lithologies reddish brown and yellowish-green silty clays, silts, and fine sands. There are also coarser, lenticular challen sands and gravels, but these are localized."

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: permineralized

Reposited in the MNHN, MNHN (La Paz)

Collection methods: surface (float), surface (in situ), mechanical,

• Specimens are also curated at Florida Museum of Natural History.

•

•McGrath et al 2020: new proterotheriid remains from the Quebrada Honda region that have been collected in recent years through a research collaboration between Case Western Reserve University (Cleveland, Ohio, USA) and the Universidad Autónoma ‘Tomás Frías’ (Potosí, Bolivia) as well as remains collected by earlier expeditions (Hoffstetter, 1977; Takai et al., 1984)

Primary reference: R. Hoffstetter. 1977. Un gisement de mammifères miocènes à Quebrada Honda (sud Bolivien). Comptes Rendus de la Académie des Sciences, Paris, Sèrie D 284:1517-1520 [D. Croft/D. Croft/D. Croft]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 38071: authorized by Darin Croft, entered by Darin Croft on 08.04.2004, edited by Andrés Cárdenas, Mark Uhen, Evangelos Vlachos, Patricia Holroyd, Grace Varnham, Miranta Kouvari and Philip Mannion

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Reptilia
Testudines - Testudinidae	cf. Chelonoidis sp.³ cf. Chelonoidis sp.³ Fitzinger 1835 turtle Large size; UATF-V-001867 (scapula-acromion and left epiplastron), UATF-V-00964 (costal bone fragments) and UATF-V- 001778 (right xiphiplastron)
Testudines - Chelidae	cf. Acanthochelys sp.³ cf. Acanthochelys sp.³ Gray 1873 sideneck turtle UATF-V-001850 (left xiphiplastron)
Mammalia
Metatheria -	Sparassodonta indet.⁹ Sparassodonta indet.⁹ Ameghino 1894 metatherian UF 27881, partial cranium
Sparassodonta - Borhyaenidae	Borhyaenidae indet.¹³ Borhyaenidae indet.¹³ metatherian
Sparassodonta -	Australogale leptognathus n. gen. n. sp.⁸, Acyon myctoderos n. sp.¹⁰ Australogale leptognathus n. gen. n. sp.⁸ Engelman et al. 2020 metatherian from Rio Rosario area, loc. B-07-22 Acyon myctoderos n. sp.¹⁰ Forasiepi et al. 2006 metatherian holotype; UF 26921, 26933, 26941 all belong to a single individual; UATF-V-000926
Paucituberculata - Caenolestidae	Caenolestidae indet.¹³ Caenolestidae indet.¹³ Trouessart 1898 marsupial
Astrapotheria - Astrapotheriidae	? Xenastrapotherium indet.¹¹ ? Xenastrapotherium indet.¹¹ Kraglievich 1928 placental Uruguaytherium-Xenastrapotherium group
Notoungulata - Toxodontidae	cf. Paratrigodon sp.⁴ cf. Paratrigodon sp.⁴ Cabrera and Kraglievich 1931 notoungulate MNHN 6542 specimen
Notoungulata - Interatheriidae	Miocochilius federicoi⁴ Miocochilius federicoi⁴ Croft 2007 notoungulate holotype
Notoungulata - Mesotheriidae	Mesotheriinae indet., Plesiotypotherium minus¹⁸ Mesotheriinae indet. Alston 1876 notoungulate based on partial humerus; size of Microtypotherium or smaller Plesiotypotherium Plesiotypotherium minus¹⁸ Croft 2007 notoungulate
Notoungulata - Hegetotheriidae	Hemihegetotherium trilobus n. sp.⁵ Hemihegetotherium trilobus n. sp.⁵ Croft and Anaya 2006 notoungulate size of Hemihegetotherium
Rodentia - Cephalomyidae	Cephalomyidae indet.² Cephalomyidae indet.² Ameghino 1897 caviomorph UF 26715 and 26716; reported as a new species of Cephalomys by Frailey (1980)
Rodentia - Capromyidae	Capromyidae indet.¹³ Capromyidae indet.¹³ Smith 1842 hutia
Rodentia - Octodontidae	Octodontidae indet. Octodontidae indet. Waterhouse 1839 caviomorph reported by Villarroel
Rodentia -	Acarechimys sp.⁶, Acarechimys minutus¹, Acarechimys cf. minutissimus¹ Acarechimys sp.⁶ Patterson 1965 caviomorph specimens UATF-V-000896, UATF-V-000897, UATF-V-000934, UATF-V-000935, UATF-V-000940, UATF-V-000950, UATF-V-000952, UATF-V-000958, UATF-V-000960, AMNH 107907 (= UF 26695), AMNH 107908 (= UF 26696), AMNH 107909 (= UF 26697), AMNH 107910 (= UF 26698 or 26699), AMNH 107912 (= UF 26698 or 26699), AMNH 107911 (= UF 26713) Acarechimys minutus¹ Patterson and Pascual 1967 caviomorph UATF-V-000960, UATF-V-000950, UATF-V-001262 Acarechimys cf. minutissimus¹ Ameghino 1887 caviomorph UATF-V-000960
Rodentia - Echimyidae	Echimyidae indet., Quebradahondomys potosiensis⁶ Echimyidae indet. Gray 1825 spiny rat reported by Villarroel Quebradahondomys potosiensis⁶ Croft et al. 2011 spiny rat holotype and specimen UF 26714
Rodentia - Dasyproctidae	Mesoprocta hypsodus⁶ Mesoprocta hypsodus⁶ Croft et al. 2011 caviomorph holotype
Rodentia -	Guiomys unica⁶ Guiomys unica⁶ Pérez 2010 caviomorph specimens UATF-V-000962 and UATF-V-001038
Rodentia - Caviidae	Caviidae indet.¹³ Caviidae indet.¹³ Gray 1821 caviomorph
Rodentia - Chinchillidae	Chinchillidae "sp. 3", Miochinchilla plurinacionalis⁷, Prolagostomus sp.⁶, Lagostominae "sp. 1", Lagostominae "sp. 2" Chinchillidae "sp. 3" Bennett 1833 chinchilid smallest form, Hoffstetter indicates it should be a new genus (only two lobes on M3, and discontinuous enamel) Miochinchilla plurinacionalis⁷ Croft et al. 2021 chinchilid UATF-V-001700 Prolagostomus sp.⁶ Ameghino 1887 chinchilid Lagostominae "sp. 1" Wiegmann 1832 chinchilid largest form Lagostominae "sp. 2" Wiegmann 1832 chinchilid intermediate form
Panameriungulata - Proterotheriidae	Proterotheriidae indet., Olisanophus sp.¹⁵, Olisanophus akilachuta n. sp.¹⁵, Olisanophus riorosarioensis¹⁵, Olisanophus cf. riorosarioensis¹⁵ Proterotheriidae indet. Ameghino 1887 placental size of Proterotherium australe Olisanophus sp.¹⁵ McGrath et al. 2020 placental UATF-V-001999 (Takai et al 1984 classified it as Diadiaphorus sp.) Olisanophus akilachuta n. sp.¹⁵ McGrath et al. 2020 placental Holotype: UATF-V-001780, but also normal specimen UTAF-V-001770 Olisanophus riorosarioensis¹⁵ McGrath et al. 2020 placental MNHN BLV 20 (not 100% sure it's from those beds) Olisanophus cf. riorosarioensis¹⁵ McGrath et al. 2020 placental RIEB-CM-423
Panameriungulata - Macraucheniidae	Macraucheniidae indet., Theosodon arozquetai n. sp.¹⁴ Macraucheniidae indet. Ameghino 1889 placental Theosodon arozquetai n. sp.¹⁴ McGrath et al. 2018 placental UATF-V-001940 (type)
Megatherioidea - Nothrotheriidae	Lakukullus anatisrostratus n. gen. n. sp.¹⁷ Lakukullus anatisrostratus n. gen. n. sp.¹⁷ Pujos et al. 2014 edentate MNHN-Bol-V 006601, referred material = FLMNH 26668, MNHN-Bol-V 003633
Megatherioidea -	Hiskatherium saintandrei n. gen. n. sp.¹⁶ Hiskatherium saintandrei n. gen. n. sp.¹⁶ Pujos et al. 2011 edentate
Megatherioidea - Megalonychidae	Hapalops angustipalatus¹² Hapalops angustipalatus¹² Ameghino 1891 edentate Hapalops-Pelecyodon group
Cingulata - Chlamyphoridae	cf. Prozaedyus sp. cf. Prozaedyus sp. Ameghino 1891 edentate smaller euphractine
Cingulata - Propalaehoplophoridae	Propalaehoplophorus andinus¹² Propalaehoplophorus andinus¹² edentate listed as "Scérocalyptiné"
Cingulata - Dasypodidae	Euphractinae indet. Euphractinae indet. Winge 1923 armadillo larger euphractine, along Paraeuphractus-Euphractus lineage
Placentalia -	Phyllophaga indet. Phyllophaga indet. edentate based on presence of larger metacarpal

¹Arnal et al. 2017; ²Busker et al. 2020; ³Cadena et al. 2015; ⁴Croft 2007; ⁵Croft and Anaya 2006; ⁶Croft et al. 2011; ⁷Croft et al. 2021; ⁸Engelman et al. 2020; ⁹Engelman and Croft 2014; ¹⁰Forasiepi et al. 2006; ¹¹Frailey 1987; ¹²Frailey 1988; ¹³MacFadden and Wolff 1981; ¹⁴McGrath et al. 2018; ¹⁵McGrath et al. 2020; ¹⁶Pujos et al. 2011; ¹⁷Pujos et al. 2014; ¹⁸Townsend and Croft 2010