Bahin 4, Pondaung Sandstone (Eocene of Myanmar)

Also known as Primate Resort Yarshe Kyitchaung UCMP V83116 Bh1

Where: Myanmar (21.8° N, 94.7° E: paleocoordinates 13.0° N, 93.1° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Pondaung Formation, Bartonian (41.3 - 38.0 Ma)

• The whole sequence of units was originally defined as the ‘Pondaung Sandstones’ by Cotter (1914), but the horizon yielding Eocene vertebrate fossils is now known as the ‘Upper Member’ of the Pondaung Formation (see Maung et al. 2005). The most recent age for this unit is ~39–38 Ma and so it can be regarded as middle Bartonian (see Tsubamoto et al. 2011).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; brown, yellow sandstone and paleosol/pedogenic, concretionary, red, calcareous siltstone

• the fossils come from a reddish silty layer containing numerous carbonate pedogenetic concretions

Size class: macrofossils

Reposited in the UCMP

Collection methods: surface (in situ),

• many specimens housed at the National Museum of Myanmar

Primary reference: J. J. Jaeger, U. A. N. Soe, U. A. K. Aung, M. Benammi, Y. Chaimanee, R. M. Ducrocq, T. Tun, U. T. Thein, and S. Ducrocq. 1998. New Myanmar middle Eocene anthropoids. An Asian origin for catarrhines?. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Serie III. Sciences de la vie 321:953-959 [J. Alroy/E. Leckey/E. Leckey]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 41331: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Erin Leckey on 12.07.2004, edited by Mark Bell and Philip Mannion

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Placentalia -
Rodentia indet.5 Bowdich 1821 rodent
 Primates - Amphipithecidae
Myanmarpithecus yarshensis5, "Amphipithecus moggaungensis" = Pondaungia5
Myanmarpithecus yarshensis5 Takai et al. 2001 monkey
"Amphipithecus moggaungensis" = Pondaungia5 monkey
 Primates - Eosimiidae
Bahinia pondaungensis n. gen. n. sp.4
Bahinia pondaungensis n. gen. n. sp.4 Jaeger et al. 1999 monkey
left and right maxilla and associated jaw fragments
 Artiodactyla -
Dichobunoidea indet.5 Gill 1872 even-toed ungulate
YSE 8
 Artiodactyla - Homacodontidae
Asiohomacodon myanmarensis5 Tsubamoto et al. 2003 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
Anthracotherium crassum5 Pilgrim and Cotter 1916 anthracothere
Anthracotherium pangan5 Pilgrim and Cotter 1916 anthracothere
Anthracokeryx birmanicus5 Pilgrim and Cotter 1916 anthracothere
 Artiodactyla -
Hsanotherium parvum n. gen. n. sp.1
Hsanotherium parvum n. gen. n. sp.1 Ducrocq et al. 2000 even-toed ungulate
fragmentary maxillae
 Artiodactyla - Lophiomerycidae
"Indomeryx minus n. sp." = Indomeryx arenae6, "Indomeryx cotteri" = Indomeryx cotteri5, "Indomeryx pilgrimi n. sp." = Indomeryx cotteri6
"Indomeryx minus n. sp." = Indomeryx arenae6 Pilgrim 1928 ruminant
fragmentary dentary and maxillae, isolated teeth
"Indomeryx cotteri" = Indomeryx cotteri5 Pilgrim 1928 ruminant
"Indomeryx pilgrimi n. sp." = Indomeryx cotteri6 Pilgrim 1928 ruminant
fragmentary maxillae and dentary
 Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae
Bunobrontops savagei n. gen. n. sp.2, "Eotitanotherium lahirii" = Diplacodon5, Sivatitanops rugosidens5, Sivatitanops cotteri5
Bunobrontops savagei n. gen. n. sp.2 Holroyd and Ciochon 2000 brontothere
UCMP 128416, right M2
"Eotitanotherium lahirii" = Diplacodon5 brontothere
Sivatitanops rugosidens5 Pilgrim 1925 brontothere
Sivatitanops cotteri5 Pilgrim 1925 brontothere
 Perissodactyla - Indolophidae
Indolophus guptai5 Pilgrim 1925 odd-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla - Amynodontidae
Metamynodon birmanicus5 odd-toed ungulate
Metamynodon cotteri5 odd-toed ungulate
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Yarshea cruenta5 Egi et al. 2004 creodont
Reptilia
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionychinae "large"3 Gray 1825 softshell turtle
 Testudines - Carettochelyidae
"Burmemys magnifica" = Allaeochelys magnifica3
"Burmemys magnifica" = Allaeochelys magnifica3 Hutchison et al. 2004 turtle
hypoplastron fragment