Where: Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany (52.3° N, 7.0° E: paleocoordinates 43.4° N, 15.4° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Bückeberg Formation, Late/Upper Berriasian (145.0 - 140.2 Ma)
• Early Cretaceous, latest Berriasian, upper Osterwald Succession, Bückeberg Formation aka "Wealden 6"
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•Although "Berriasian ("Wealden") and middle Valanginian" shales were quarried, the reported specimen ages in Hampe (2013) are middle-late Berriasian
• bed-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: estuary or bay; shale and claystone
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Collected by Presented by Herren Gerdemann and Bertelsmann (quarry owners) in 1910
Collection methods: quarrying, mechanical,
• GWWU, Geomuseum der Westfaelischen Wilhems-Universitaet, Münster, Germany collection
•At the beginning of the 20th century, the pit of the Gerdemann & Co. brickworks had a depth of 30–40 m that contained Berriasian (‘‘Wealden’’) and middle Valanginian shales (Schleicher 1995). The pit was closed in 1917, because of a water ingress (Thiermann 1968). During a period of water shortage in 1959 the pit was later dewatered but subsequently closed again (Kemper 1961).
Primary reference: S. Sachs. 1997. Erster Nachweis eines gepanzerten Dinosauriers (Reptilia, Ornithischia, Thyreophora) aus der Unterkreide (Berrias) von Gronau in Westfalen. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte 1997(1):56-64 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 45760: authorized by Matthew Carrano, entered by Matthew Carrano on 30.11.2004, edited by Roger Benson, Philip Mannion and Jonathan Tennant
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
| Reptilia | |
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Crocodylia indet. crocodilian A crocodilian tooth was identified early by the famous palaeontologist Eberhard Fraas (Landois 1904)
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Plesiosauria indet.5 plesiosaur Hosius (1893) described a clavicula of the ornithopod dinosaur ‘‘Iguanodon’’ from the Gronau pit. However, this element belongs to the distal propodial part of a large plesiosaurid according to Wegner (1914).
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Gronausaurus wegneri n. gen. n. sp.1
Gronausaurus wegneri n. gen. n. sp.1 Hampe 2013 elasmosaur GWWU A3.B2, partial postcranial skeleton from "alpha", as the Berriasian-Valanginian boundary interval (latest Berriasian)
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"Plesiosaurus valdensis" = Hastanectes valdensis2 Lydekker 1889 plesiosaur Vertebrae from the collection of an official of the local public health authority
Brancasaurus brancai n. gen. n. sp.5 Wegner 1914 plesiosaur GWWU A3.B4 (skeleton with skull) from the "subcretaceous fauna" level (mid-Berriasian)
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"Plesiosaurus limnophilus" = Cimoliosaurus limnophilus2, Plesiosaurus degenhardti2, "Plesiosaurus kanzleri n. sp." = Peloneustes kanzleri2
"Plesiosaurus limnophilus" = Cimoliosaurus limnophilus2 Koken 1887 plesiosaur Vertebrae from the collection of an official of the local public health authority
Plesiosaurus degenhardti2 Koken 1887 plesiosaur Vertebrae from the collection of an official of the local public health authority
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Desmemys bertelmanni n. gen. n. sp.5
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| Actinopteri | |
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Coelodus sp.1 Haeckel The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
Sphaerodus sp.1 Agassiz 1833 The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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Ionoscopus sp.1 Costa 1853 bowfin The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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Caturus sp.1 Agassiz 1834 bowfin The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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Lepidotes sp.1 Agassiz 1832 gar The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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| Osteichthyes | |
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Callopterus sp.1 Thollière 1854 ray-finned fish The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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| Chondrichthyes | |
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Hybodus sp.1 Agassiz 1834 elasmobranch The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
Egertonodus sp.1 Maisey 1987 elasmobranch The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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Lissodus sp.1 Brough 1935 elasmobranch The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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Lonchidion sp.1 Estes 1964 elasmobranch The fish fauna is represented by teeth of hybodont sharks (Hybodus, Egertonodus, Lonchidion, Lissodus) and of actinopterygian genera, such as the amiiform Caturus, the semionodontid Lepidotes, the pycnodontids Coelodus and Sphaerodus and the pholidophoriformes Ionoscopus and Callopterus (Kemper 1976; Nyhuis and Herbig 2009).
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| Gastropoda | |
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| Bivalvia | |
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