Echinoidea - Camarodonta - Echinidae
Full reference: J. E. Gray. 1825. An attempt to divide the Echinida, or Sea Eggs, into natural families. Annals of Philosophy, new series 10:423-431
Parent taxon: Echinidea according to A. Kroh and A. B. Smith 2010
See also Chiesa et al. 1995, Fell and Pawson 1966, Grant and Hertlein 1938, Kew 1920 and Smith 2009
Sister taxa: Parechinidae, Triplechinidae
Subtaxa: Anapesus Atactus Echinus Gracilechinus Hypechinus Isechinus Paracentrotus Psammechinus Stirechinus Tripneustes
Ecology: epifaunal grazer-deposit feeder
Distribution:
• Quaternary of France (1 collection), Greece (1), Jamaica (1), Mauritius (1), Spain (29), United States (1: South Carolina)
• Pliocene of Belgium (1), United States (9: California, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia)
• Miocene of Algeria (6), Argentina (1), Australia (1), Austria (1), Belgium (1), Cyprus (3), Egypt (1), France (3), Germany (1), Italy (6), Malta (1), Micronesia (1), Morocco (1), Spain (2), Switzerland (2), United States (2: Florida, South Carolina)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Argentina (1)
• Oligocene to Pliocene of Argentina (1)
• Oligocene of New Zealand (1), United States (3: Alabama, North Carolina)
• Eocene to Oligocene of Argentina (2)
• Eocene of Argentina (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (3: Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina)
• Paleocene of United States (1: New Jersey)
• Cretaceous of Brazil (1), Egypt (1), France (3), Germany (1), Portugal (18), Switzerland (4)
• Jurassic of Canada (1: Yukon), Saudi Arabia (1), the United Kingdom (1)
• Triassic of Hungary (1)
• Devonian of Germany (3)
Total: 126 collections including 134 occurrences