Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae
Synonym: Leptaenidae Hall and Clarke 1894 [replaced name]
Parent taxon: Rafinesquinidae according to L. Hints and D. A. T. Harper 2015
See also Bassett and Cocks 1974, Cocks 2005, Cocks 2010, Jin and Chatterton 1997, Mitchell 1977, Owen and Harper 1982, Roomusoks 2004, Rubel 2011, Villas and Cocks 1996 and Williams et al. 2000
Sister taxa: Crassitestella, Kiaeromena, Kjaerina, Kjerulfina, Rafinesquininae, Scamnomena
Subtaxa: Astamena Bracteoleptaena Estonomena Glossoleptaena Harjumena Hingganoleptaena Hollardina Lepidoleptaena Leptaena Leptaenopyxis Leptagonia Limbimurina Lioleptaena Lissoleptaena Mackerrovia Notoleptaena Oandumena Rhactomena Rugoleptaena Schmidtomena Tchadania
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Carboniferous of Australia (50 collections), Canada (7: Alberta, Yukon), China (1), Germany (2), Iran (2), Ireland (1), Mexico (1), the United Kingdom (33), United States (33: Arkansas, California, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Montana, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah)
• Givetian of France (4), United States (1: Missouri)
• Devonian to Carboniferous of the United Kingdom (2)
• Devonian of Afghanistan (4), Argentina (1), Australia (19), Canada (35: Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec, Yukon, Yukon Territory), China (18), Colombia (16), the Czech Republic (23), France (28), Germany (22), Italy (3), Kyrgyzstan (1), Libya (2), Mongolia (1), Morocco (4), Myanmar (2), Poland (5), the Russian Federation (11), Spain (10), Tajikistan (1), Turkey (1), Ukraine (6), United States (107: California, Colorado, Michigan, Nevada, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania), Venezuela (3), Vietnam (3)
• Whitwellian of Canada (3: Northwest Territories)
• Jaani of Estonia (22), Lithuania (6)
• Niagaran of Canada (3: Québec)
• Silurian to Devonian of Argentina (1), Australia (1), United States (1: Oklahoma)
• Silurian of Afghanistan (1), Argentina (8), Australia (12), Belarus (5), Bolivia (1), Canada (97: New Brunswick, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec, Québec), China (15), the Czech Republic (24), Estonia (36), Greenland (3), Iran (1), Ireland (1), Kazakhstan (1), Latvia (3), Lithuania (40), Mexico (15), Mongolia (9), Norway (28), Poland (1), the Russian Federation (9), Spain (2), Sweden (70), Ukraine (2), the United Kingdom (124), United States (194: Arkansas, California, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, West Virginia, Wisconsin), Venezuela (3)
• Dobrotivian of France (2)
• Uhaku of Estonia (7)
• Ordovician to Silurian of Canada (2: Québec), the Russian Federation (1)
• Ordovician of Argentina (1), Belarus (1), Belgium (10), Canada (44: Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Quebec, Québec), China (24), the Czech Republic (7), Estonia (128), France (2), Ireland (3), Kazakhstan (6), Latvia (22), Lithuania (18), Mongolia (2), Myanmar (1), New Zealand (1), Norway (36), Portugal (1), Spain (1), Sweden (22), Turkey (1), the United Kingdom (87), United States (112: Alaska, British Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia)
Total: 1747 collections including 1890 occurrences