Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Turridae
Alternative spellings: Pleurotoma (Gemmula), Turris (Gemmula)
Synonyms: Eugemmula Iredale 1931, Hemipleurotoma, Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma)
Parent taxon: Turridae according to P. Bouchet et al. 2011
See also Baluk 2003, Durham 1944, Harris and Palmer 1947, Harzhauser et al. 2009, Hickman 1976, Ladd 1982, MacNeil 1960, Martin 1904, Mukerjee 1939, Olsson 1964, Scarponi and Della Bella 2003, Sepkoski 2002, Sohl 1964, Squires 1999, Sysoev 1996, Turner 1938, Vredenburg 1921, Wienrich and Janssen 2007, Wilson 1994 and Woodring 1970
Sister taxa: Adelocythara, Amekicythara, Amuletum, Andicula, Awateria, Beretra, Borsoniinae, Cochlespirella, Cochlespiropsis, Cryptoconinae, Cryptogemma, Daphinellinae, Decollidrillia, Drilliinae, Drillinae, Eopleurotoma, Eosurcula, Epalxis, Epidirella, Eucheilodon, Fusimilis, Genotia, Glabrocythara, Hemisurcula, Hesperiturris, Iotyrris, Kuroshioturris, Lepicythara, Lophiotoma, Lucerapex, Lurifax, Lutema, Lyrosurcula, Megasurcula, Michela, Muteluma, Nasavusavuia, Optoturris, Pachycythara, Parasyngenochilus, Perrona, Pleurofusia, Polystira, Procerapex, Protosurcula, Pseudoraphitoma, Ptychosyrinx, Remnita, Scalaturris, Scobinella, Sedilia, Sinistrella, Sullivania, Surculites, Surculoma, Trachelochetus, Trypanotoma, Trypanotopsis, Turridrupa, Turrinae, Turrinosyrinx, Turris, Unedogemmula, Vaughanites, Xenuroturris
Subtaxa: Gemmula (Coronia) Gemmula (Coroniopsis) Gemmula (Gemmula) Gemmula (Pinguigemmula) Gemmula abacta Gemmula alazana Gemmula amica Gemmula bentsonae Gemmula congener Gemmula crenulata Gemmula cretacea Gemmula diabloensis Gemmula fasteni Gemmula gajensis Gemmula guindana Gemmula hindsiana Gemmula imitatrix Gemmula machapoorensis Gemmula macrobia Gemmula mekranica Gemmula mexa Gemmula monerma Gemmula plebeia Gemmula plentopsis Gemmula rockcreekensis Gemmula sindiensis Gemmula tumata Gemmula vaningeni Gemmula violeta Gemmula wattsi Hemipleurotoma arenosa Hemipleurotoma bhagothorensis Hemipleurotoma bonneti Hemipleurotoma narica Hemipleurotoma oostinghi Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) bellacrenata Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) calvertensis Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) choptankensis Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) humilis Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) iris Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) juvavica Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) kroisbachensis Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) singuensis Pleurotoma (Hemipleurotoma) yenanensis Turris (Gemmula) birmanica Turris (Gemmula) pakistanica Turris (Gemmula) soriensis Turris (Gemmula) thyrsus
Type: Gemmula hindsiana
Ecology: epifaunal carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Costa Rica (1 collection), Fiji (1), Indonesia (1), Japan (4), Taiwan (2), Vanuatu (1)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (1)
• Pliocene of Belgium (2), Chile (9), Colombia (2), Ecuador (4), Fiji (6), Indonesia (2), Italy (12), Japan (7), the Philippines (5), Portugal (1)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Japan (3)
• Miocene of Belgium (1), Chile (5), Colombia (3), Denmark (2), Ecuador (3), France (1), Germany (50), Greece (2), India (6), Indonesia (15), Italy (7), Japan (6), Myanmar (5), the Netherlands (2), New Zealand (1), Pakistan (4), Panama (23), the Philippines (1), Romania (1), Trinidad and Tobago (5), United States (9: Florida)
• Oligocene of Denmark (5), France (2), Germany (1), Japan (1), Mexico (1), Myanmar (3), Pakistan (1), Panama (3), United States (45: Mississippi, Washington)
• Eocene of Antarctica (1), Australia (1), Bulgaria (1), Colombia (2), France (2), New Zealand (4), Pakistan (2), Peru (1), the United Kingdom (19), United States (163: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Washigton, Washington), Venezuela (1)
• Paleocene to Eocene of United States (1: Texas)
• Paleocene of Austria (1), Denmark (5), Greenland (3), Poland (1), United States (26: Alabama, Maryland, Texas, Virginia)
• Cretaceous of United States (6: Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, Texas)
Total: 518 collections including 758 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.