Pteraspidomorphi - Heterostraci
Parent taxon: Pteraspidomorphi according to J. A. Long 2011
See also Blieck et al. 2002, Bryant 1932, Dineley and Metcalf 1999, Elliot and Loeffler 1989, Elliott and Swift 2010, Jordan 1963, Loeffler and Dineley 1976 and Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
Sister taxa: Arandaspidida, Aserotaspis, Astraspida, Cardipeltida, Corvaspidida, Coscinodus, Cyathaspidiformes, Dipnoides, Furcacudiformes, Gompholepis, Gyropeltus, Lepidaspidida, Neeyambaspis, Palaeospondylus, Palaeosteus, Pituriaspis, Pteraspidida, Pteraspidomorphes, Rabdacanthus, Sigurdia, Superciliaspis, Tesseraspidida, Tolypelepidida, Traquairaspidiformes, Tylodus
Subtaxa: Amphiaspidiformes Anatolepis Aporemaspis Arandaspidiformes Ariaspididae Cardipeltidae Ceraspidae Corvaspididae Cyathaspidida Drepanaspidae Olbiaspidida Protaspidae Psammolepis Psammosteiformes Strosipherus Thelodontidae Traquairaspidida Traquairaspididae
Ecology: