Pteraspidomorpha - Pteraspidiformes
Parent taxon: Heterostraci according to R. van der Laan 2019
See also Blieck et al. 2002, Dumbrava and Blieck 2005, Elliott and Ilyes 1996, Long 2011, Nelson et al. 2016 and Randle and Sansom 2017
Sister taxa: Amphiaspidiformes, Aporemaspis, Ariaspididae, Aserotaspis, Cardipeltida, Cardipeltidae, Cardipeltiformes, Ceraspidae, Corvaspidida, Corvaspidiformes, Cyathaspida, Cyathaspidiformes, Drepanaspidae, Guerichosteidae, Lepidaspidida, Lepidaspidiformes, Munchoaspis, Olbiaspidida, Palaeaspidi, Psammolepis, Psammosteiformes, Pteraspidi, Rimasventeraspis, Strosipherus, Tesseraspidida, Tesseraspidiformes, Tolypelepidida, Tolypelepidiformes, Toombsaspis, Traquairaspidida, Traquairaspidiformes, Gunaspis, Pilolepsis, Listraspis, Poriferaspis, Corveolepis, Ennosviaspis, Anatolepsis, Clydonaspis, Dyreaspis, Grumantaspis, Archodus, Steinaspis, Seretaspis, Allocryptaspis, Pycnaspis, Homaspidella, Karelosteus, Yoglinia, Irregulariaspis, Obliaspis, Schizosteus, Kiangsuaspis, Strophisterus
Subtaxa: Anchipteraspididae Dnestraspis Podolaspinae Protaspidae Protopteraspididae Psammosteoidei Pteraspididae Pteraspidoidei
Ecology: planktonic suspension feeder