Rhynchonellata - Pentamerida - Virgianidae
Parent taxon: Pentameroidea according to A. Williams et al. 2002
See also Boucot and Johnson 1964, Jin and Chatterton 1997 and Rasmussen et al. 2010
Sister taxa: Conchidiidae, Pentameridae, Subrianidae, Stricklandiniidae
Subtaxa: Mariannaellinae Mariannellinae Pleurodiinae Pseudoconchidium Virgianinae
Type: Virgiana
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Devonian of the Russian Federation (1 collection)
• Silurian of Canada (40: Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Quebec, Québec), China (19), Czechia (1), Estonia (33), Norway (1), the Russian Federation (16), Sweden (1), the United Kingdom (7), United States (15: Missouri, Nevada, Utah, Wisconsin)
• Ordovician of Canada (4: Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Québec), China (14), Kazakhstan (1), Latvia (1), Lithuania (5), Norway (13), the Russian Federation (8), Sweden (5), United States (13: Alaska, Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma)
Total: 198 collections including 215 occurrences