Bivalvia - Cyrtodontida - Cardiolidae
Parent taxon: Cardioloidea according to J. G. Carter et al. 2011
See also Bouchet et al. 2010, Kříž 2007 and Nevesskaja 2009
Sister taxon: Slavidae
Subtaxa: Cardavia Cardicarnia Cardiobeleba Cardiola Cardiolinka Cardiolopsis Carnalpia Cominicula Copenychia Isiola Nutricula Ontaria Pygolfia Snoopyia
Ecology: facultatively mobile epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Eocene of Romania (1 collection)
• Carboniferous of Morocco (2), United States (3: Iowa, Missouri)
• Devonian of Germany (4), United States (10: New York)
• Silurian to Devonian of Algeria (1), Italy (1), Mauritania (1)
• Silurian of Algeria (4), Austria (8), China (1), the Czech Republic (51), Estonia (1), France (4), Germany (2), Italy (13), Lithuania (6), Morocco (20), Poland (8), Spain (2), the United Kingdom (16), United States (1: Maine), Western Sahara (1)
Total: 161 collections including 268 occurrences