Full reference: E. S. Gaffney. 1975. A phylogeny and classification of the higher categories of turtles. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 155(5):387-436
Parent taxon: Testudinata according to Y. Rollot et al. 2021
See also Anquetin 2012, Anquetin et al. 2009, Brinkman 2013, Danilov and Parham 2008, Gaffney 1975, Guerrero and Pérez-García 2020, Guerrero and Pérez-García 2021, Hutchison et al. 2013, Joyce 2007, Joyce and Anquetin 2019, Lipka et al. 2006, Lively 2015, Lively 2016, Lyson and Joyce 2011, Pérez-García 2012, Pérez-Garcia et al. 2021, Pérez-García et al. 2008, Pérez-García and Ortega 2011, Pérez-García and Ortega 2011, Puntener et al. 2014 and Sullivan et al. 2012
Sister taxa: Amblypus, Ancyropus, Aplax oberndorferi, Athecae, Australochelyidae, Australochelys, Chelonipedidae, Chelycarapookus, Chelycarapookus arcuatus, Chelys blakii, Chengyuchelyidae, Chengyuchelys, Emydhipus, Emys neumayri, Emys paranensis, Heckerochelyidae, Helcura, Helochelydridae, Kallokibotion, Megasternon, Mesochelydia, Mongolochelyidae, Odontochelyidae, Palaeochersis, Perichelydia, Platemys sehuensis, Platycheloides, Proganochelys, Proterochersidae, Protochelys, Saltosauropus, Siamochelys, Testudines, Testudinites, Testudo elata, Testudo stricklandi, Testudofiexoolithidae, Testudoolithidae, Thalassochelydia, Thecophora, Tretosternon punctatum, Trionyx mammillaris
Subtaxa: Arundelemys Baenidae Baenoidea Compsemydidae Compsemys Desmemys bertelmanni Glyptops caelatus Glyptops pervicax Pleurosternidae Polythorax Polythorax missuriensis Probaena sculpta
Ecology: