Parent taxon: Neopterygii according to R. van der Laan 2019
See also Carnevale and Godfrey 2018, Cavin and Brito 2001, Cavin et al. 2013, Cope 1887, Deesri et al. 2016, Ebersole et al. 2019, Grande 2010, Hay 1902, Jordan 1963, Lauder and Liem 1983, López-Arbarello 2012, Martinelli et al. 2025, Nelson et al. 2016, Tong et al. 2019 and Xu and Wu 2012
Sister taxa: Ducanichthys, Frodoichthys, Gebrayelichthyidae, Gimlichthys, Guildayichthyidae, Halecomorphi, Holostei, Lombardinidae, Louwoichthyiformes, Luganoiiformes, Peltopleuriformes, Perleidiformes, Pholidopleuriformes, Placopleurus, Plesiofuro, Pycnodontiformes, Signeuxellidae, Sphaerodontidae, Venusichthyidae
Subtaxa: Dapediiformes Kyphosichthyidae Kyphosichthyiformes Lepisosteiformes Macrosemiiformes Neoginglymodi Neosemionotus Semionotiformes