Actinopteri - Pycnodontiformes
Parent taxon: Neopterygii according to J. A. Long 2011
See also Applegate 1970, Arratia 2015, Bannikov 2014, Case and Schwimmer 1988, Ebersole et al. 2019, Forey et al. 2003, Goodwin et al. 1999, Kumar and Loyal 1987, Nelson et al. 2016, Poyato-Ariza 2010, Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas 2007, Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2005, Sarr et al. 2024, Sepkoski 2002, Thurmond and Jones 1981, Tong et al. 2019 and Weems 1999
Sister taxa: Ducanichthys, Frodoichthys, Gebrayelichthyidae, Gimlichthys, Guildayichthyidae, Holostei, Louwoichthyiformes, Peltopleuriformes, Perleidiformes, Placopleurus, Plesiofuro, Scanilepiformes, Teleosteomorpha, Venusichthyidae
Subtaxa: Acrorhinichthys Akromystax Arcodonichthys Coccodontoidea Grimmenodon Gyrodontoidei Gyronchus Ichthyoceras Paramicrodon Phacodus Polygyrodus Pycnodontoidei Tibetodus Trewavasia Uranoplosus
Ecology: nektonic durophage-carnivore