Subclass Pinidae Cronquist et al. 1966

Equisetopsida - Pinidae - Pinidae

Full reference: A. Cronquist, A. L. Takhtajan, and W. Zimmermann. 1966. On the higher taxa of Embryobionta. Taxon 15:129-134

Parent taxon: Equisetopsida according to A. Cronquist et al. 1966

See also Ruiz et al. 2025

Sister taxa: Anthocerotidae, Bryidae, Chlamidostachys, Echinostachyales, Gondwanostachyales, Paraphyllanthoxylon, Sphenophyllales

Subtaxa: Araucariaceae Cheirolepidiaceae Cupressales

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Distribution:

• Quaternary of Australia (41 collections), India (1), Japan (2)

• Pliocene of United States (1: Florida)

• Miocene to Pliocene of Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (2), Japan (1)

• Miocene of Argentina (4), Australia (18), Chile (2), Germany (12), India (2), New Zealand (1), Poland (1), the Russian Federation (1), United States (8: Maryland, Massachusetts, Virginia)

• Oligocene to Miocene of Argentina (13), Australia (8), India (2), New Zealand (1), United States (1: Maryland)

• Oligocene of Argentina (1), Australia (4), Azerbaijan (1)

• Eocene to Oligocene of Argentina (1), Australia (1), Chile (1), Peru (1)

• Eocene to Miocene of Argentina (3)

• Eocene of Antarctica (4), Argentina (23), Australia (13), Colombia (22), Germany (27), Myanmar (2), New Zealand (6), Southern Ocean (11), the United Kingdom (5), United States (12: California, Georgia, Louisiana, Wyoming)

• Paleocene to Eocene of Argentina (1), Australia (1)

• Paleocene of Antarctica (2), Argentina (60), Australia (11), Canada (3: Alberta, Manitoba), China (1), Colombia (3), Denmark (1), New Zealand (6), United States (54: Louisiana, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Wyoming)

• Paleogene of Argentina (1), India (1)

• Motuan of New Zealand (1)

• Cretaceous to Paleogene of Antarctica (1), Argentina (4), Canada (2: Alberta), New Zealand (23)

• Cretaceous to Neogene of China (1)

• Cretaceous of Antarctica (27), Argentina (123), Australia (49), Austria (2), Benin (1), Brazil (213), Cameroon (1), Canada (122: Alberta, British Columbia, Nunavut), Chile (14), China (4), Colombia (27), Cote D'Ivoire (3), Denmark (1), Ecuador (2), Egypt (106), France (6), Ghana (29), Greenland (2), India (30), Indian Ocean (1), Israel (27), Italy (4), Jordan (10), Kazakhstan (2), Lebanon (1), Libya (1), Madagascar (1), Mexico (1), Morocco (1), New Zealand (2), Nigeria (31), North Atlantic (6), Pakistan (1), Peru (6), Portugal (8), Romania (2), the Russian Federation (15), Senegal (7), South Africa (7), South Korea (1), South Sudan (37), Spain (5), Sudan (45), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (2), the United Kingdom (6), United States (73: Alaska, Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho, Iowa, Maryland, Mississippi, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wyoming), Uzbekistan (2)

• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Antarctica (1), Argentina (1), Canada (1: Yukon), Chile (1), China (1), Egypt (2), France (1), India (7), Malaysia (1), Peru (1)

• Jurassic of Afghanistan (3), Antarctica (4), Argentina (26), Australia (3), Belarus (4), Canada (1: Northwest Territories), Chile (1), China (66), Egypt (9), France (34), Georgia (15), Germany (7), Guyana (1), India (59), Iran (2), Israel (5), Italy (2), Japan (5), Kazakhstan (7), Madagascar (1), Malaysia (1), Mexico (5), Montenegro (2), Morocco (1), Mozambique (1), New Zealand (5), Norway (3), Poland (3), Portugal (3), Romania (18), the Russian Federation (44), Sri Lanka (1), Switzerland (2), Tajikistan (13), Tanzania (1), Turkmenistan (1), Türkiye (1), Ukraine (2), the United Kingdom (56), United States (15: Alaska, Colorado, Connecticut, Montana, New Jersey, Oregon/Idaho, Utah, Wyoming), Uzbekistan (5)

• Triassic to Jurassic of France (2), Honduras (1), India (1), Kazakhstan (1), Mexico (1), the United Kingdom (2)

• Triassic of Antarctica (1), Argentina (4), Canada (1: Alberta), Chile (1), China (7), France (3), Germany (6), Greenland (1), Hungary (3), India (5), Israel (1), Italy (7), Lesotho (1), Luxembourg (1), Madagascar (1), the Netherlands (1), Norway (12), Poland (2), the Russian Federation (2), South Africa (1), Tajikistan (3), United States (26: Arizona, New Mexico, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia, Virginia/North Carolina)

• Permian to Triassic of India (1), South Africa (1)

• Permian of Australia (21), Brazil (1), Canada (3: Alberta, Prince Edward Island), China (1), Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (1), Germany (1), Greenland (1), India (17), Italy (6), Jordan (1), Madagascar (1), Norway (4), Oman (1), the Russian Federation (2), Saudi Arabia (1), South Africa (1), Tanzania (2), United States (15: Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas), Uruguay (1), Zambia (2), Zimbabwe (1)

• Carboniferous of Canada (6: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island), France (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (1: Arizona)

• Devonian of United States (2: New York)

Total: 2154 collections including 4007 occurrences

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