Echinoidea - Holasteroida - Holasteridae
Parent taxon: Holasteridae according to A. B. Smith 1991
See also Clark and Twitchell 1915, Kier 1984, Sepkoski 2002, Shmidt 1976 and Wagner and Durham 1966
Sister taxa: Aurelianaster, Basseaster, Cardiotaxis, Cibaster, Duncaniaster, Echinocorys, Entomaster, Galeaster, Ganbirretia, Garumnaster, Giraliaster, Guettaria, Hagenowia, Hemipneustes, Holaster, Infulaster, Ismidaster, Jeronia, Labrotaxis, Lampadaster, Lampadocorys, Messaoudia, Offaster, Opisopneustes, Paronaster, Pseudananchys, Pseudoffaster, Pseudoholaster, Rispolia, Scagliaster, Stegaster, Taphraster, Tholaster, Titanaster, Toxopatagus, Zumoffenia
Subtaxa: Cardiaster batnensis Cardiaster bolschechetensis Cardiaster cubensis Cardiaster curtus Cardiaster deciper Cardiaster granulosus Cardiaster jugatus Cardiaster leonensis Cardiaster marylandicus Cardiaster palmeri Cardiaster smocki
Ecology: semi-infaunal detritivore
Distribution:
• Eocene of New Zealand (1 collection)
• Cretaceous to Paleogene of the Netherlands (2)
• Cretaceous of Austria (1), Belgium (8), Brazil (3), Cuba (3), France (3), Germany (8), the Netherlands (2), the Russian Federation (1), Spain (22), the United Kingdom (1), United States (12: Arkansas, Maryland, Montana, New Jersey, Texas)
Total: 67 collections including 69 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.